Make Dates mutable objects with Node's setters and conversions

benchmarks/runtime/README.md

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ Application-shaped workloads for measuring the speed of compiled executables. Ea
 | `atomics-contended` | cpu | four worker threads updating `SharedArrayBuffer` counters with `Atomics`: one shared counter, one counter per worker, a `compareExchange` loop, and `Atomics.wait`/`notify` handoffs |
 | `channel-messages` | cpu | 200,000 MessageChannel messages in one thread, half numbers and half small objects, all posted before the port delivers any |
 | `csv-numbers` | cpu | `split`, `Number`, `parseInt`, `toFixed` |
+| `date-math` | cpu | schedules built with Date setters (local and UTC), weekday and month-end rules through the getters, Dates sorted by time value |
 | `cyclic-graphs` | cpu | object graphs with back references built and dropped: trees with parent and sibling links, rings of records sharing a long-lived registry, closures capturing their owner |
 | `dictionary-walks` | cpu | `Record<string, number>` dictionaries walked with for-in and `Object.keys`/`values`/`entries` while entries are added, updated and deleted |
 | `dynamic-methods` | cpu | untyped JavaScript calling builtin methods on values it does not type: string `slice`/`indexOf`/`toUpperCase`/`padStart`, array `push`/`pop`/`includes`, `Map` and `Set`, and an object's own methods |

benchmarks/runtime/workloads/date-math.json

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+  "entry": "workloads/date-math.ts",
+  "args": [
+    "40"
+  ]
+}

benchmarks/runtime/workloads/date-math.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+// Calendar arithmetic on Dates: schedules built by adjusting Dates with the
+// UTC and local setters, weekday and month-end rules read back through the
+// getters, Dates compared and sorted by time value, and ISO text for a
+// sample. Argument: the number of rounds.
+process.env.TZ = "America/New_York";
+
+const rounds = Number(process.argv[2] ?? "40");
+let seed = 2026;
+function random(): number {
+  seed = (Math.imul(seed, 1103515245) + 12345) >>> 0;
+  return seed / 4294967296;
+}
+
+/** The next business day at 09:00 local time on or after `from`. */
+function nextBusinessDay(from: Date): Date {
+  const day = new Date(from.getTime());
+  day.setHours(9, 0, 0, 0);
+  if (day < from) day.setDate(day.getDate() + 1);
+  while (day.getDay() === 0 || day.getDay() === 6) day.setDate(day.getDate() + 1);
+  return day;
+}
+
+/** The last day of `date`'s month, in UTC. */
+function monthEnd(date: Date): number {
+  const end = new Date(date.getTime());
+  end.setUTCDate(1);
+  end.setUTCMonth(end.getUTCMonth() + 1);
+  end.setUTCDate(0);
+  return end.getUTCDate();
+}
+
+let checksum = 0;
+let sample = "";
+for (let round = 0; round < rounds; round++) {
+  const due: Date[] = [];
+  const cursor = new Date(Date.UTC(2020 + (round % 7), 0, 1, 12));
+  for (let i = 0; i < 4000; i++) {
+    cursor.setUTCMinutes(cursor.getUTCMinutes() + Math.floor(random() * 4000));
+    const next = nextBusinessDay(cursor);
+    checksum += next.getDate() + monthEnd(next) + next.getHours();
+    if (i % 3 === 0) next.setMonth(next.getMonth() + 1, 15);
+    due.push(next);
+  }
+  due.sort((a, b) => +a - +b);
+  let previous = due[0]!;
+  for (const date of due) {
+    checksum += (+date - +previous) / 3600000;
+    previous = date;
+  }
+  sample = due[due.length >> 1]!.toISOString();
+}
+console.log(Math.round(checksum), sample);

docs/content/limitations/builtin-apis/date.mdx

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-- **Date:** Spread constructor arguments, setters, thrown Date values, and locale formatters are unsupported.
-  Dates are objects: `===` compares identity, `new Date(date)` makes a new Date, and Dates compile in arrays (`includes`, `indexOf`, `lastIndexOf`, `join`, and default `sort` by `toString()` text), in `Date | undefined` and `Date | null` slots, as Map and Set keys and values, and in records, tuples, class fields, closures, promises and generators.
-  Unions of a Date with other non-nullish types are unsupported.
-  Zero-argument, single number/string, and local-time year/month field constructors, `getTime`, `valueOf`, `toISOString`, `toUTCString`, `toJSON` (a `string | null`: null for an invalid date, as in Node), `toString`, `toDateString`, `toTimeString`, `String(date)` and template literal conversion, relational comparison, calendar getters, `getTimezoneOffset`, and single-string `Date.parse` compile.
+- **Date:** Spread constructor arguments and locale formatters are unsupported.
+  Dates are objects with identity: `===` and `==` compare identity, `new Date(date)` makes a new Date, setters change the one Date every reference holds, and Dates compile in arrays (`includes`, `indexOf`, `lastIndexOf`, `join`, and default `sort` by `toString()` text), in unions with other types, as Map and Set keys and values, and in records, tuples, class fields, closures, promises and generators.
+  Thrown and rejected Dates keep their identity; `structuredClone` and `postMessage` copy them.
+  Zero-argument, single number/string, and local-time year/month field constructors, `getTime`, `valueOf`, `toISOString`, `toUTCString`, `toJSON` (a `string | null`: null for an invalid date, as in Node), `toString`, `toDateString`, `toTimeString`, the local and UTC calendar getters and setters, `setTime`, `getTimezoneOffset`, and single-string `Date.parse` compile.
+  Unary `+`, `-` and `Number(date)` read the time value; `String(date)`, template literals and `+` with a string read the `toString()` text; `date[Symbol.toPrimitive](hint)` compiles with a literal hint.
   A Date converted to `unknown` is the same Date object.
   See [Dates and timezones](#dates-and-timezones) for timezone data.

packages/compiler/src/backend/llvm/lib-dispatch.ts

@@ -649,6 +649,15 @@ export function emitGenericLibCall(host: LlvmEmitterContext, e: LibCallExpr): Ll
   if (MAY_THROW_LIB_FNS.has(e.fn) && LIB_FN_SYMS[e.fn] === undefined) {
     throw new LlvmUnsupportedError(`libCall:${e.fn}`, e.loc);
   }
+  // A setter's write: the time value into the Date object (ScrDate.ms).
+  if (e.fn === "date.store") {
+    const date = emitBorrowedInput(host, e.args[0]!).name;
+    const ms = host.emitExpr(e.args[1]!).name;
+    const field = B.tmp();
+    B.line(`${field} = getelementptr inbounds i8, ptr ${date}, i64 8 ; ->ms`);
+    B.line(`store double ${ms}, ptr ${field}`);
+    return { name: ms, type: e.type };
+  }
   // queueMicrotask's checked-dynamic form carries the AsyncLocalStorage
   // context like the static one (lib-process.ts).
   const sym =

packages/compiler/src/backend/llvm/lib-shared.ts

@@ -334,6 +334,8 @@ export const LIB_FN_SYMS: Record<string, string> = {
   "date.getTime": "scr_date_get_time",
   "date.valueOf": "scr_date_get_time",
   "date.fromTime": "scr_date_get_time",
+  "date.setFields": "scr_date_set_fields",
+  "date.timeClip": "scr_date_new_ms",
   "date.parseGetTime": "scr_date_parse",
   "date.utc": "scr_date_utc",
   "date.newLocal": "scr_date_new_local",

packages/compiler/src/diagnostics/diagnostic.ts

@@ -622,7 +622,7 @@ export function unsupportedTypeDiag(typeText: string, loc: SrcLoc): ScrDiagnosti
     code: "SC2001",
     message:
       `values of type '${typeText}' cannot be compiled yet ` +
-      `(supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, read-only Date values, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')`,
+      `(supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, Dates, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')`,
     loc,
     milestone: "M2",
   };

packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/abstract-equality.ts

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import {
   DYN,
   DYN_HANDLE_KINDS,
   F64,
+  STRING,
   type IrExpr,
   type IrStmt,
   type IrType,
@@ -285,6 +286,43 @@ export function lowerAbstractEquality(
     };
     return negated ? { kind: "unary", op: "!", operand: result, type: BOOL, loc } : result;
   }
+  // Two Dates are equal when they are the same object, as with ===.
+  if (left.type.kind === "date" && right.type.kind === "date")
+    return { kind: "bin", op: negated ? "!==" : "===", left, right, type: BOOL, loc };
+  // A Date and a string or number compare through the Date's default
+  // primitive, its toString() text.
+  if (left.type.kind === "date" || right.type.kind === "date") {
+    const otherType = left.type.kind === "date" ? right.type : left.type;
+    if (otherType.kind === "string" || otherType.kind === "f64") {
+      // Both operands evaluate before the Date converts.
+      const l = lowerer.declareHiddenLocal("%looseA", left.type);
+      const r = lowerer.declareHiddenLocal("%looseB", right.type);
+      const stmts: IrStmt[] = [
+        { kind: "varDecl", localId: l.id, init: left, loc },
+        { kind: "varDecl", localId: r.id, init: right, loc },
+      ];
+      const primitive = (value: IrExpr): IrExpr => {
+        if (value.type.kind !== "date") return value;
+        const text: IrExpr = {
+          kind: "libCall",
+          fn: "date.toString",
+          args: [value],
+          type: STRING,
+          loc,
+        };
+        return otherType.kind === "string"
+          ? text
+          : { kind: "libCall", fn: "num.fromString", args: [text], type: F64, loc };
+      };
+      const a = primitive(varRef(l.id, left.type, loc));
+      const b = primitive(varRef(r.id, right.type, loc));
+      const result: IrExpr =
+        otherType.kind === "string"
+          ? { kind: "strEq", negated, left: a, right: b, type: BOOL, loc }
+          : { kind: "bin", op: negated ? "!==" : "===", left: a, right: b, type: BOOL, loc };
+      return { kind: "seqExpr", stmts, result, type: BOOL, loc };
+    }
+  }
   if (!supportsPair(lowerer, left.type, right.type)) return null;
   if (left.kind === "strLit" && right.kind === "strLit") {
     return { kind: "boolLit", value: (left.value === right.value) !== negated, type: BOOL, loc };

packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/builtins/date-classes.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,13 @@ import * as ts from "../../ts7/adapter.js";
 import { type Lowerer } from "../lowerer.js";
 import { locOf } from "../../program.js";
 import { type ClassInfo } from "../lower-classes.js";
-import { DATE_METHOD_HINT, dateJsonType, dateValueMethod } from "./dates.js";
+import {
+  DATE_METHOD_HINT,
+  dateJsonType,
+  dateSetterTime,
+  dateValueMethod,
+  isDateSetter,
+} from "./dates.js";
 import { dynUndefinedExpr, varRef } from "../../../ir/build.js";
 import {
   BOOL,
@@ -248,6 +254,20 @@ export function lowerInheritedDateMethodCall(
     type: result.type,
     loc,
   });
+  if (isDateSetter(name) && name !== "setTime") {
+    // The field setters change the Date the class's time slot holds.
+    const date = lowerer.declareHiddenLocal("%dateTime", DATE_T);
+    stmts.push({
+      kind: "varDecl",
+      localId: date.id,
+      init: timeOf(lowerer, value, root, loc),
+      loc,
+    });
+    const current = varRef(date.id, DATE_T, loc);
+    const time: IrExpr = { kind: "libCall", fn: "date.getTime", args: [current], type: F64, loc };
+    const next = dateSetterTime(lowerer, call, name, stmts, time);
+    return done({ kind: "libCall", fn: "date.store", args: [current, next], type: F64, loc });
+  }
   if (name === "setTime") {
     // Every argument is evaluated before setTime converts the first one.
     let ms: IrExpr = { kind: "numLit", value: Number.NaN, type: F64, loc };

packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/builtins/dates.ts

@@ -2,12 +2,15 @@ import * as ts from "../../ts7/adapter.js";
 import { type Lowerer, own } from "../lowerer.js";
 import { locOf } from "../../program.js";
 import { tryLowerExpression } from "../expressions/try-lower-expression.js";
+import { lowerToNumberArguments } from "../lower-exprs.js";
 import { programDeclaresDateClass } from "./date-classes.js";
 import {
   BOOL,
+  DATE_T,
   F64,
   type IrExpr,
   type IrLibFn,
+  type IrLocal,
   type IrStmt,
   type IrType,
   NULL_T,
@@ -36,6 +39,32 @@ const DATE_GETTER_FNS: Readonly<Record<string, IrLibFn>> = {
   getTimezoneOffset: "date.getTimezoneOffset",
 };
 
+/** The setters that change calendar fields: the field code
+ * scr_date_set_fields takes (scr_number.h SCR_DATE_SET_*; 8 marks the UTC
+ * forms) and the most arguments each takes. */
+const DATE_FIELD_SETTERS: ReadonlyMap<string, { code: number; max: number }> = new Map([
+  ["setMilliseconds", { code: 0, max: 1 }],
+  ["setSeconds", { code: 1, max: 2 }],
+  ["setMinutes", { code: 2, max: 3 }],
+  ["setHours", { code: 3, max: 4 }],
+  ["setDate", { code: 4, max: 1 }],
+  ["setMonth", { code: 5, max: 2 }],
+  ["setFullYear", { code: 6, max: 3 }],
+  ["setUTCMilliseconds", { code: 8, max: 1 }],
+  ["setUTCSeconds", { code: 9, max: 2 }],
+  ["setUTCMinutes", { code: 10, max: 3 }],
+  ["setUTCHours", { code: 11, max: 4 }],
+  ["setUTCDate", { code: 12, max: 1 }],
+  ["setUTCMonth", { code: 13, max: 2 }],
+  ["setUTCFullYear", { code: 14, max: 3 }],
+]);
+
+/** Whether `name` is a Date setter scriptc lowers: setTime or a field
+ * setter. */
+export function isDateSetter(name: string): boolean {
+  return name === "setTime" || DATE_FIELD_SETTERS.has(name);
+}
+
 const DATE_TEXT_FNS: ReadonlyMap<string, IrLibFn> = new Map([
   ["toString", "date.toString"],
   ["toDateString", "date.toDateString"],
@@ -43,11 +72,11 @@ const DATE_TEXT_FNS: ReadonlyMap<string, IrLibFn> = new Map([
 ]);
 
 export const DATE_METHOD_HINT =
-  "getTime(), valueOf(), toISOString(), toUTCString(), toJSON(), toString(), toDateString(), toTimeString(), the local/UTC calendar getters, and getTimezoneOffset() are supported; Date setters and locale formatters have no lowering";
+  "getTime(), valueOf(), toISOString(), toUTCString(), toJSON(), toString(), toDateString(), toTimeString(), the local/UTC calendar getters and setters, setTime(), and getTimezoneOffset() are supported; locale formatters have no lowering";
 
-/** The Date slice: statics plus read-only Date values backed by one
- * TimeClip'd millisecond scalar. Construction lives in lowerNew;
- * identity and mutating methods remain fenced. */
+/** Date statics and methods on Date objects (a TimeClip'd millisecond
+ * time value with identity): getters, text forms and setters.
+ * Construction lives in lowerNew. */
 export function lowerDateCall(
   lowerer: Lowerer,
   call: ts.CallExpression,
@@ -67,16 +96,18 @@ export function lowerDateCall(
   if (lowerer.mapTypeOf(lowerer.typeOf(access.expression))?.kind !== "date") return null;
   if (!lowerer.isStdlibMember(access)) return null;
   const name = access.name.text;
-  // A Date a JavaScript file constructs is a mutable object; setTime on
-  // it takes the dynamic method call. So does every Date method on a
+  // A Date a JavaScript file constructs is a checked-dynamic value; a
+  // setter on it takes the dynamic method call, which changes the Date the
+  // handle holds. So does every Date method on a
   // checked-dynamic receiver when the program declares a class that extends
   // Date: the value can be an instance, whose class may declare the method.
   if (
-    (name === "setTime" || programDeclaresDateClass(lowerer)) &&
+    (isDateSetter(name) || programDeclaresDateClass(lowerer)) &&
     tryLowerExpression(lowerer, access.expression)?.type.kind === "dyn"
   )
     return null;
   if (name === "toJSON") return lowerDateToJson(lowerer, call, access);
+  if (isDateSetter(name)) return lowerDateSetter(lowerer, call, access, name);
   if (call.arguments.nodes.length !== 0) {
     lowerer.noLowering(`Date.prototype.${name} with arguments`, call, DATE_METHOD_HINT);
   }
@@ -253,3 +284,150 @@ export function isDateJsonSource(lowerer: Lowerer, node: ts.Node): boolean {
     lowerer.isStdlibMember(access)
   );
 }
+
+/** `d.setTime(t)` and the field setters (`d.setHours(h, m?, s?, ms?)` ...)
+ * on a Date object: the receiver, then the arguments in order, then the
+ * new time value (scr_date_set_fields over the time value the Date holds
+ * once the arguments have run) stored into the Date and answered. Missing
+ * optional arguments keep their fields; arguments past a setter's last
+ * one are evaluated and ignored. A Date local that holds its time value
+ * (date-values.ts) takes the new time value itself. */
+function lowerDateSetter(
+  lowerer: Lowerer,
+  call: ts.CallExpression,
+  access: ts.PropertyAccessExpression,
+  name: string,
+): IrExpr {
+  const loc = locOf(call);
+  const nodes = call.arguments.nodes;
+  if (nodes.some((node) => ts.isSpreadElement(node)))
+    lowerer.noLowering(`Date.prototype.${name} with spread arguments`, call, DATE_METHOD_HINT);
+  const timeLocal = timeValueLocalOf(lowerer, access.expression);
+  const stmts: IrStmt[] = [];
+  let receiver: IrExpr | null = null;
+  if (timeLocal === null) {
+    // A checked-dynamic receiver takes the dynamic method call
+    // (lowerDateCall), so the value here is a Date object.
+    const value = lowerer.lowerExpr(access.expression);
+    if (value.type.kind !== "date")
+      lowerer.badType(access.expression, lowerer.typeOf(access.expression));
+    const date = lowerer.declareHiddenLocal("%date", DATE_T);
+    stmts.push({ kind: "varDecl", localId: date.id, init: value, loc });
+    receiver = { kind: "varRef", localId: date.id, type: DATE_T, loc };
+  }
+  const time: IrExpr =
+    receiver === null
+      ? { kind: "varRef", localId: timeLocal!.id, type: F64, loc }
+      : { kind: "libCall", fn: "date.getTime", args: [receiver], type: F64, loc };
+  const next = dateSetterTime(lowerer, call, name, stmts, time);
+  if (receiver === null) {
+    stmts.push({ kind: "assign", localId: timeLocal!.id, value: next, loc });
+    return {
+      kind: "seqExpr",
+      stmts,
+      result: { kind: "varRef", localId: timeLocal!.id, type: F64, loc },
+      type: F64,
+      loc,
+    };
+  }
+  return {
+    kind: "seqExpr",
+    stmts,
+    result: { kind: "libCall", fn: "date.store", args: [receiver, next], type: F64, loc },
+    type: F64,
+    loc,
+  };
+}
+
+/** The new time value of setter `name` called with `call`'s arguments on a
+ * Date whose time value `time` reads: the arguments evaluate into
+ * temporaries appended to `stmts` (ToNumber of each, an undefined one is
+ * NaN), and the result reads `time` after them. Missing optional arguments
+ * keep their fields; arguments past a setter's last one are evaluated and
+ * ignored. */
+export function dateSetterTime(
+  lowerer: Lowerer,
+  call: ts.CallExpression,
+  name: string,
+  stmts: IrStmt[],
+  time: IrExpr,
+): IrExpr {
+  const loc = locOf(call);
+  const converted = lowerToNumberArguments(
+    lowerer,
+    call.arguments.nodes as readonly ts.Expression[],
+  );
+  stmts.push(...converted.stmts);
+  const args: IrExpr[] = converted.values.map((value) => {
+    if (value.kind === "numLit") return value;
+    const arg = lowerer.declareHiddenLocal("%dateArg", F64);
+    stmts.push({ kind: "varDecl", localId: arg.id, init: value, loc });
+    return { kind: "varRef", localId: arg.id, type: F64, loc };
+  });
+  const number = (value: number): IrExpr => ({ kind: "numLit", value, type: F64, loc });
+  if (name === "setTime")
+    return {
+      kind: "libCall",
+      fn: "date.timeClip",
+      args: [args[0] ?? number(Number.NaN)],
+      type: F64,
+      loc,
+    };
+  const setter = DATE_FIELD_SETTERS.get(name)!;
+  const used = args.slice(0, setter.max);
+  const operands = [...used];
+  while (operands.length < 4) operands.push(number(0));
+  return {
+    kind: "libCall",
+    fn: "date.setFields",
+    args: [time, number(setter.code), number(used.length), ...operands],
+    type: F64,
+    loc,
+  };
+}
+
+/** The local a Date binding that holds its time value lowers to, for an
+ * identifier `node` that names one (date-values.ts); null otherwise. */
+function timeValueLocalOf(lowerer: Lowerer, node: ts.Expression): IrLocal | null {
+  while (ts.isParenthesizedExpression(node)) node = node.expression;
+  if (!ts.isIdentifier(node)) return null;
+  const local = lowerer.resolveLocal(node);
+  return local !== undefined && local !== null && lowerer.timeValueDateLocals.has(local)
+    ? local
+    : null;
+}
+
+/** `d[Symbol.toPrimitive](hint)` on a Date with a literal hint: "number"
+ * answers the time value, "string" and "default" the toString() text (a
+ * Date's default hint is a string). Null for other calls. */
+export function lowerDateToPrimitiveCall(
+  lowerer: Lowerer,
+  call: ts.CallExpression,
+  access: ts.ElementAccessExpression,
+): IrExpr | null {
+  const key = access.argumentExpression;
+  if (
+    !ts.isPropertyAccessExpression(key) ||
+    key.name.text !== "toPrimitive" ||
+    !ts.isIdentifier(key.expression) ||
+    !lowerer.isStdlibGlobal(key.expression, "Symbol") ||
+    lowerer.mapTypeOf(lowerer.typeOf(access.expression))?.kind !== "date"
+  )
+    return null;
+  const loc = locOf(call);
+  const hint = call.arguments.nodes.length === 1 ? call.arguments.nodes[0]! : null;
+  const text = hint !== null && ts.isStringLiteralLike(hint) ? hint.text : null;
+  if (text !== "number" && text !== "string" && text !== "default")
+    return lowerer.noLowering(
+      'Date.prototype[Symbol.toPrimitive] without a "number", "string" or "default" literal hint',
+      call,
+    );
+  const raw = lowerer.lowerExpr(access.expression);
+  const date: IrExpr =
+    raw.type.kind === "dyn"
+      ? { kind: "libCall", fn: "date.checkedValue", args: [raw], type: DATE_T, loc }
+      : raw;
+  return text === "number"
+    ? { kind: "libCall", fn: "date.valueOf", args: [date], type: F64, loc }
+    : { kind: "libCall", fn: "date.toString", args: [date], type: STRING, loc };
+}

packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/date-values.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import * as ts from "../ts7/adapter.js";
 import type { Lowerer } from "./lowerer.js";
+import { isDateSetter } from "./builtins/dates.js";
 
 /** Date methods whose receiver is only read for its time value: a Date
  * local used as their receiver can store the time value instead of a Date
@@ -41,12 +42,14 @@ const RELATIONAL = new Set([
 
 /** True when a local `const` (or a `let` that is never assigned again)
  * initialized with `new Date(...)` can keep the Date's time value instead
- * of a Date object: no use observes the Date's identity. Every use reads the time value as
- * a Date method receiver, a String() or template operand, a relational or
- * string `+` operand, or `new Date(d)`'s argument, inside the declaring
- * function, or inside the block or loop that scopes a module-level
- * binding (no closure captures it). Top-level module bindings keep the
- * object. Other uses box the time value into a new Date at the use. */
+ * of a Date object: no use observes the Date's identity. Every use reads
+ * the time value as a Date method receiver (a setter replaces it), a
+ * String(), Number() or template operand, a unary + or - operand, a
+ * relational or string `+` operand, or `new Date(d)`'s argument, inside
+ * the declaring function, or inside the block or loop that scopes a
+ * module-level binding (no closure captures it). Top-level module bindings
+ * keep the object. Other uses box the time value into a new Date at the
+ * use. */
 export function isTimeValueDateDeclaration(
   lowerer: Lowerer,
   decl: ts.VariableDeclaration,
@@ -94,17 +97,21 @@ function decideTimeValueDate(lowerer: Lowerer, decl: ts.VariableDeclaration): bo
   const symbol = lowerer.checker.getSymbolAtLocation(decl.name);
   if (!symbol) return false;
   let ok = true;
+  let sets = false;
   const visit = (node: ts.Node): void => {
     if (!ok) return;
     if (ts.isIdentifier(node) && node !== decl.name && node.text === decl.name.text) {
       if (lowerer.checker.getSymbolAtLocation(node) === symbol) {
-        if (enclosingFunction(node) !== fn || !readsTimeValue(lowerer, node)) ok = false;
+        const use = enclosingFunction(node) === fn ? timeValueUse(lowerer, node) : null;
+        if (use === null) ok = false;
+        else if (use === "set") sets = true;
       }
       return;
     }
     ts.forEachChild(node, visit);
   };
   visit(scope);
+  if (ok && sets) lowerer.timeValueDateWrites.add(decl);
   return ok;
 }
 
@@ -164,29 +171,46 @@ function enclosingFunction(node: ts.Node): ts.FunctionLikeDeclaration | null {
   return null;
 }
 
-/** A use of the binding that reads only its time value. */
-function readsTimeValue(lowerer: Lowerer, id: ts.Identifier): boolean {
+/** How a use of the binding uses its time value: "read" for a use that
+ * reads only the time value, "set" for a setter call that replaces it, or
+ * null for any other use. */
+function timeValueUse(lowerer: Lowerer, id: ts.Identifier): "read" | "set" | null {
   let node: ts.Node = id;
   while (ts.isParenthesizedExpression(node.parent)) node = node.parent;
   const parent = node.parent;
+  if (parent === undefined) return null;
   if (ts.isPropertyAccessExpression(parent) && parent.expression === node) {
     const call = parent.parent;
-    return (
-      !parent.questionDotToken &&
-      ts.isCallExpression(call) &&
-      call.expression === parent &&
-      !call.questionDotToken &&
-      TIME_VALUE_METHODS.has(parent.name.text) &&
-      lowerer.isStdlibMember(parent)
-    );
+    if (
+      parent.questionDotToken ||
+      !ts.isCallExpression(call) ||
+      call.expression !== parent ||
+      call.questionDotToken ||
+      !lowerer.isStdlibMember(parent)
+    )
+      return null;
+    if (isDateSetter(parent.name.text)) return "set";
+    return TIME_VALUE_METHODS.has(parent.name.text) ? "read" : null;
   }
+  return readsTimeValue(lowerer, node, parent) ? "read" : null;
+}
+
+/** A use of the binding, other than a method call, that reads only its
+ * time value. */
+function readsTimeValue(lowerer: Lowerer, node: ts.Node, parent: ts.Node): boolean {
   if (ts.isTemplateSpan(parent)) return parent.expression === node;
+  // Unary + and -, the number hint.
+  if (ts.isPrefixUnaryExpression(parent))
+    return (
+      parent.operator === ts.SyntaxKind.PlusToken || parent.operator === ts.SyntaxKind.MinusToken
+    );
   if (ts.isCallExpression(parent)) {
     return (
       parent.arguments.nodes.length === 1 &&
       parent.arguments.nodes[0] === node &&
       ts.isIdentifier(parent.expression) &&
-      lowerer.isStdlibGlobal(parent.expression, "String")
+      (lowerer.isStdlibGlobal(parent.expression, "String") ||
+        lowerer.isStdlibGlobal(parent.expression, "Number"))
     );
   }
   if (ts.isNewExpression(parent)) {

packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/expressions/binary.ts

@@ -1600,6 +1600,19 @@ export function lowerBinary(lowerer: Lowerer, expr: ts.BinaryExpression): IrExpr
           loc,
         };
       }
+      // A Date against an untyped value: the same Date object, whose
+      // checked-dynamic handle the untyped value would hold.
+      if (dynSide.type.kind === "dyn" && scalarSide.type.kind === "date") {
+        const boxed = lowerer.coerceToExpected(scalarSide, DYN);
+        return {
+          kind: "dynScalarEq",
+          left: scalarSide === left ? boxed : left,
+          right: scalarSide === right ? boxed : right,
+          ...(negated ? { negated: true as const } : {}),
+          type: BOOL,
+          loc,
+        };
+      }
       if (
         dynSide.type.kind === "dyn" &&
         (scalarSide.type.kind === "f64" ||

packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/expressions/property-access.ts

@@ -112,6 +112,7 @@ import { dynUndefinedExpr, nodeThrowExpr, numLit, strLit, varRef } from "../../.
 import { typedArrayLacksMember } from "../builtins/typed-array-members.js";
 import { TEMPORAL_GLOBAL } from "../../builtin-modules.js";
 import { tryLowerExpression } from "./try-lower-expression.js";
+import { DATE_METHOD_HINT } from "../builtins/dates.js";
 import {
   cjsClassExprWholeExportOf,
   cjsExportAssignmentOf,
@@ -2055,6 +2056,9 @@ export function lowerIntrinsicProperty(
     );
   }
   if (kind === "date") {
+    // A Date held as a checked-dynamic value (a Date a JavaScript file
+    // constructs) answers its method values at run time.
+    if (tryLowerExpression(lowerer, expr.expression)?.type.kind === "dyn") return null;
     const methods = new Set([
       "getTime",
       "valueOf",
@@ -2083,7 +2087,7 @@ export function lowerIntrinsicProperty(
     lowerer.noLowering(
       `Date.prototype.${name}`,
       expr,
-      "getTime(), valueOf(), toISOString(), the local/UTC calendar getters, and getTimezoneOffset() are supported; Date setters and locale/string formatters have no lowering",
+      DATE_METHOD_HINT,
       lowerer.checker.getSymbolAtLocation(expr.name),
     );
   }

packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/expressions/relational.ts

@@ -288,6 +288,16 @@ export function lowerInstanceOf(lowerer: Lowerer, expr: ts.BinaryExpression, loc
   if (!target) {
     const date = lowerer.isStdlibGlobal(expr.right, "Date");
     const url = lowerer.isStdlibGlobal(expr.right, "URL");
+    // A catch binding holds a thrown Date as its checked-dynamic handle.
+    const caughtDate = date ? lowerer.caughtLocalOf(expr.left) : null;
+    if (caughtDate)
+      return {
+        kind: "libCall",
+        fn: "dyn.nativeDateIs",
+        args: [{ kind: "caughtToDyn", value: varRef(caughtDate.id, CAUGHT, loc), type: DYN, loc }],
+        type: BOOL,
+        loc,
+      };
     if ((date || url) && !lowerer.caughtLocalOf(expr.left)) {
       const value = lowerer.lowerExpr(expr.left);
       if (value.type.kind === "dyn")

packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/expressions/typeof.ts

@@ -281,6 +281,7 @@ export function lowerTypeofExpr(lowerer: Lowerer, expr: ts.TypeOfExpression, loc
     promise: "object",
     bytes: "object",
     regex: "object",
+    date: "object",
     generator: "object",
     classval: "function",
     moduleNs: "object",

packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/expressions/updates.ts

@@ -120,6 +120,11 @@ function coercedUnion(lowerer: Lowerer, type: IrType): boolean {
   return arms.some((arm) => arm.kind !== "f64" && !isUnitType(arm));
 }
 
+/** ToNumber of a Date: its time value (valueOf, the number hint). */
+function dateTimeValue(date: IrExpr, loc: SrcLoc): IrExpr {
+  return { kind: "libCall", fn: "date.valueOf", args: [date], type: F64, loc };
+}
+
 /** ToNumber of a boolean: 1 for true, 0 for false. */
 function booleanToNumber(value: IrExpr, loc: SrcLoc): IrExpr {
   return {
@@ -145,23 +150,25 @@ export function lowerPrefixUnary(lowerer: Lowerer, expr: ts.PrefixUnaryExpressio
       const operand =
         raw.type.kind === "bool"
           ? booleanToNumber(raw, loc)
-          : coercedUnion(lowerer, raw.type)
-            ? ({
-                kind: "libCall",
-                fn: "dyn.toNumberCoerce",
-                args: [{ kind: "dynFrom", value: raw, type: DYN, loc }],
-                type: F64,
-                loc,
-              } satisfies IrExpr)
-            : raw.type.kind === "dyn" && isJsSourceFile(ts.getSourceFileOfNode(expr))
+          : raw.type.kind === "date"
+            ? dateTimeValue(raw, loc)
+            : coercedUnion(lowerer, raw.type)
               ? ({
                   kind: "libCall",
                   fn: "dyn.toNumberCoerce",
-                  args: [raw],
+                  args: [{ kind: "dynFrom", value: raw, type: DYN, loc }],
                   type: F64,
                   loc,
                 } satisfies IrExpr)
-              : lowerOptionalNumber(lowerer, raw, loc, expr.operand);
+              : raw.type.kind === "dyn" && isJsSourceFile(ts.getSourceFileOfNode(expr))
+                ? ({
+                    kind: "libCall",
+                    fn: "dyn.toNumberCoerce",
+                    args: [raw],
+                    type: F64,
+                    loc,
+                  } satisfies IrExpr)
+                : lowerOptionalNumber(lowerer, raw, loc, expr.operand);
       if (operand.type.kind !== "f64") operatorUnsupported(lowerer, expr, "-", [raw.type]);
       if (operand.kind === "numLit") return { ...operand, value: -operand.value, loc };
       return { kind: "unary", op: "-", operand, type: F64, loc };
@@ -185,6 +192,8 @@ export function lowerPrefixUnary(lowerer: Lowerer, expr: ts.PrefixUnaryExpressio
         return { kind: "libCall", fn: "num.fromString", args: [raw], type: F64, loc };
       }
       if (raw.type.kind === "bool") return booleanToNumber(raw, loc);
+      // A Date's number hint answers its time value.
+      if (raw.type.kind === "date") return dateTimeValue(raw, loc);
       const classNumber = classToNumberConversion(lowerer, raw, expr.operand, "unary plus");
       if (classNumber) return classNumber;
       const operand = lowerOptionalNumber(lowerer, raw, loc, expr.operand);

packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/lower-calls.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { keyedHelperName } from "./stable-names.js";
 import { perKeyOrder } from "./key-order-witness.js";
+import { lowerDateToPrimitiveCall } from "./builtins/dates.js";
 import { isForwardedTupleSpread, lowerForwardingApply } from "./typed-arguments.js";
 import { guardNullProto, nullProtoRecordShape } from "./null-prototype.js";
 import { lowerDynStreamMemberCall } from "./dyn-streams.js";
@@ -1816,6 +1817,8 @@ export function lowerCall(lowerer: Lowerer, expr: ts.CallExpression): IrExpr {
   // The element spelling of an unsupported native Web method must fence
   // before lowering the callee into a checked-dynamic keyed read.
   if (ts.isElementAccessExpression(expr.expression)) {
+    const datePrimitive = lowerDateToPrimitiveCall(lowerer, expr, expr.expression);
+    if (datePrimitive) return datePrimitive;
     const timersDispose = lowerMockTimersElementCall(lowerer, expr, expr.expression);
     if (timersDispose) return timersDispose;
     const symbolMethod = lowerClassSymbolMethodCall(lowerer, expr);
@@ -2456,6 +2459,9 @@ function lowerNumberConstructorValue(
     };
   const optionalNumber = lowerOptionalStringNumber(lowerer, arg, loc);
   if (optionalNumber) return optionalNumber;
+  // A Date's number hint answers its time value.
+  if (arg.type.kind === "date")
+    return { kind: "libCall", fn: "date.valueOf", args: [arg], type: F64, loc };
   // A program class instance converts through its own methods.
   const classNumber = classToNumberConversion(lowerer, arg, argNode);
   if (classNumber) return classNumber;

packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/lower-classes.ts

@@ -10426,6 +10426,29 @@ export function lowerNew(lowerer: Lowerer, expr: ts.NewExpression): IrExpr {
         const time: IrExpr = { kind: "libCall", fn: "date.getTime", args: [arg], type: F64, loc };
         return { kind: "libCall", fn: "date.newMs", args: [time], type: DATE_T, loc };
       }
+      // A union (`Date | string | number`) or checked-dynamic value: the
+      // runtime's constructor reads a Date's time value, parses a string
+      // and converts anything else to a primitive and a number.
+      if (
+        (arg.type.kind === "union" || arg.type.kind === "dyn") &&
+        lowerer.dynConvertible(arg.type)
+      ) {
+        const value: IrExpr = {
+          kind: "libCall",
+          fn: "date.nativeNewValue",
+          args: [
+            {
+              kind: "dynArrLit",
+              elems: [lowerer.coerceToExpected(arg, DYN)],
+              type: DYN,
+              loc,
+            },
+          ],
+          type: DYN,
+          loc,
+        };
+        return { kind: "libCall", fn: "date.checkedValue", args: [value], type: DATE_T, loc };
+      }
       lowerer.noLowering(
         `new Date of '${lowerer.fmt(arg.type)}' values`,
         args[0]!,

packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/lower-exprs.ts

@@ -2320,6 +2320,7 @@ export function typeofAnswer(arm: IrType): string | null {
     case "set":
     case "generator":
     case "regex":
+    case "date":
     case "bytes":
     case "url":
     case "searchParams":

packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/lower-generators.ts

@@ -183,13 +183,9 @@ export function lowerGenMethodCall(
       );
     }
     arg = lowerer.lowerExpr(argNode);
-    if (arg.type.kind === "date") {
-      lowerer.unsupported(
-        "SC1090",
-        argNode,
-        ".throw() with a Date value (the exception channel cannot preserve Date's object kind; throw an Error or primitive instead)",
-      );
-    }
+    // A Date throws as its checked-dynamic handle, the same Date object
+    // (the throw statement's rule).
+    if (arg.type.kind === "date") arg = lowerer.coerceToExpected(arg, DYN);
     if (arg.type.kind === "void" || arg.type.kind === "caught" || isUnitType(arg.type)) {
       lowerer.unsupported(
         "SC1090",

packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/lower-stmts.ts

@@ -1624,6 +1624,7 @@ const THROWN_AS_DYN: ReadonlySet<IrType["kind"]> = new Set([
   "bytes",
   "func",
   "regex",
+  "date",
 ]);
 
 export function lowerStmt(lowerer: Lowerer, stmt: ts.Statement): IrStmt | IrStmt[] | null {
@@ -1828,9 +1829,7 @@ export function lowerStmt(lowerer: Lowerer, stmt: ts.Statement): IrStmt | IrStmt
       return { kind: "rethrow", localId: caughtLocal.id, loc: locOf(stmt) };
     }
     // Exception-representable values move into the runtime's exception
-    // cell. `throw f()` of a void call has no value; Date has numeric
-    // storage internally, but cannot preserve its object kind through the
-    // untyped catch boundary. Reject both rather than changing JS identity.
+    // cell. `throw f()` of a void call has no value.
     let value = lowerer.lowerExpr(stmt.expression);
     if (value.type.kind === "void")
       lowerer.badType(stmt.expression, lowerer.typeOf(stmt.expression));
@@ -1842,19 +1841,12 @@ export function lowerStmt(lowerer: Lowerer, stmt: ts.Statement): IrStmt | IrStmt
     } else if (value.type.kind === "record" && lowerer.dynConvertible(value.type)) {
       value = { kind: "dynFrom", value, liveRef: true, type: DYN, loc: locOf(stmt.expression) };
     } else if (THROWN_AS_DYN.has(value.type.kind) && lowerer.dynConvertible(value.type)) {
-      // Arrays, Maps, Sets, typed arrays, Buffers, functions, regexes and
-      // unions over them keep their identity and contents the same way:
-      // the catch binding, `typeof`, `instanceof`, `Array.isArray`,
-      // inspection and typed views read the thrown object.
+      // Arrays, Maps, Sets, typed arrays, Buffers, functions, regexes,
+      // Dates and unions over them keep their identity and contents the
+      // same way: the catch binding, `typeof`, `instanceof`,
+      // `Array.isArray`, inspection and typed views read the thrown object.
       value = lowerer.coerceInto(stmt.expression, value, DYN);
     }
-    if (value.type.kind === "date") {
-      lowerer.unsupported(
-        "SC1090",
-        stmt.expression,
-        "throwing Date values (catch bindings cannot preserve Date's object kind; throw an Error or primitive instead)",
-      );
-    }
     // A dyn throw rides the REF cell arm (scr_throw_ref over the checked-dynamic tree
     // node — identity preserved through catch bindings, caughtToDyn
     // passes it back by reference). The JS-lane traced-call shape:
@@ -5450,7 +5442,12 @@ export function lowerVarDecl(
   if (isTimeValueDateDeclaration(lowerer, decl)) {
     const loc = locOf(decl);
     const date = lowerer.lowerExprExpecting(decl.initializer!, DATE_T);
-    const local = lowerer.declareLocal(decl.name, decl.name.text, F64, isLet);
+    const local = lowerer.declareLocal(
+      decl.name,
+      decl.name.text,
+      F64,
+      isLet || lowerer.timeValueDateWrites.has(decl),
+    );
     lowerer.timeValueDateLocals.add(local);
     const init: IrExpr = { kind: "libCall", fn: "date.getTime", args: [date], type: F64, loc };
     return { kind: "varDecl", localId: local.id, init, loc };

packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/lowerer.test.ts

@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ test("optional union widening keeps refused and missing contracts current", () =
     unionId: lowerer.unions.recursiveRef(recursive, () => "Recursive"),
   };
   expect(lowerer.withUndefinedArmOf(pending)).not.toBeNull();
-  lowerer.unions.finalizeRecursive(recursive, [{ kind: "date" }, STRING]);
+  lowerer.unions.finalizeRecursive(recursive, [{ kind: "promise", inner: F64 }, STRING]);
   expect(lowerer.withUndefinedArmOf(pending)).toBeNull();
   expect(lowerer.withUndefinedArmOf(pending)).toBeNull();
 

packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/lowerer.ts

@@ -2362,6 +2362,9 @@ export class Lowerer {
    * Date's time value instead of a Date object (date-values.ts). */
   readonly timeValueDateDecisions = new Map<ts.Node, boolean>();
   readonly timeValueDateLocals = new Set<IrLocal>();
+  /** Declarations of those locals that a setter call writes
+   * (date-values.ts). */
+  readonly timeValueDateWrites = new Set<ts.VariableDeclaration>();
   /** Record bindings whose flow class reaches storage outside the class:
    * they keep the declared layout, so an initializer from unchecked reads
    * converts once instead of the binding adopting the widened variant. */

packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/surfaces.ts

@@ -2329,6 +2329,13 @@ export const AMBIENT_SURFACE_FNS: readonly AmbientSurfaceRow[] = [
     ],
     note: "zero arguments, one milliseconds/date-string argument, or local-time year/month fields; values are the read-only TimeClip scalar slice",
   },
+  {
+    id: "stdlib.date.setters",
+    kind: "stdlib",
+    name: "Date.prototype setters",
+    fns: ["date.setFields", "date.timeClip", "date.store"],
+    note: "setTime and the local and UTC field setters, with their optional arguments",
+  },
   {
     id: "stdlib.date.UTC",
     kind: "stdlib",

packages/compiler/src/ir/builtin-signatures.ts

@@ -4858,6 +4858,15 @@ export const LIB_FN_SIGS = defineLibFnSignatures({
    * lib-call argument passes the time value itself, and any other use
    * creates the Date. */
   "date.fromTime": { argTypes: [F64], result: DATE_T },
+  /** Date.prototype's field setters over a time value
+   * (scr_date_set_fields): time value, setter code, argument count and four
+   * arguments; answers the new time value. */
+  "date.setFields": { argTypes: [F64, F64, F64, F64, F64, F64, F64], result: F64 },
+  /** TimeClip of a number (setTime's argument). */
+  "date.timeClip": { argTypes: [F64], result: F64 },
+  /** Stores a time value into a Date object and answers it (a setter's
+   * write). */
+  "date.store": { argTypes: [DATE_T, F64], result: F64 },
   /** Date.prototype.toString / toDateString / toTimeString and String(date):
    * V8's local-time formats with the host zone's long name, "Invalid Date"
    * for an invalid date. Owned (+1) string; never throws. */

packages/compiler/src/ir/ir.ts

@@ -855,9 +855,8 @@ export function funcOf(params: IrType[], ret: IrType): IrType {
  * promises nullable-only; declared maybe-promise unions are admitted by
  * maybePromiseUnionArmsOk. */
 export function unionContainerArmsOk(arms: IrType[]): boolean {
-  return (
-    arms.every((a, i) => a.kind !== "promise" || arms.every((b, j) => j === i || isUnitType(b))) &&
-    dateUnionArmsOk(arms)
+  return arms.every(
+    (a, i) => a.kind !== "promise" || arms.every((b, j) => j === i || isUnitType(b)),
   );
 }
 
@@ -868,13 +867,7 @@ export function unionContainerArmsOk(arms: IrType[]): boolean {
  * non-thenable path). Data arms must not be thenable; the type mapper
  * checks that against the checker types before minting such a union. */
 export function maybePromiseUnionArmsOk(arms: IrType[]): boolean {
-  return arms.filter((a) => a.kind === "promise").length <= 1 && dateUnionArmsOk(arms);
-}
-
-/** A Date arm has a union home beside undefined and null arms only: no
- * narrowing contract tells it from other data arms yet. */
-function dateUnionArmsOk(arms: IrType[]): boolean {
-  return arms.every((a, i) => a.kind !== "date" || arms.every((b, j) => j === i || isUnitType(b)));
+  return arms.filter((a) => a.kind === "promise").length <= 1;
 }
 
 /** Canonical, injective text form of an IrType — the building block of

packages/compiler/src/ir/validate.ts

@@ -55,7 +55,6 @@ import {
   typeEquals,
   typeKey,
   maybePromiseUnionArmsOk,
-  unionContainerArmsOk,
   VOID,
 } from "./ir.js";
 import { DYN_CLASS_PROPERTIES, callSiteReturnType, classValueConstructor } from "./ir.js";
@@ -814,9 +813,6 @@ export function validateModule(mod: IrModule): IrValidationError[] {
           loc: noLoc,
         });
       }
-      if (arm.kind === "date" && !unionContainerArmsOk(u.arms)) {
-        errors.push({ message: `union ${u.id}: date arm ${i} beside non-unit arms`, loc: noLoc });
-      }
       if (arm.kind === "record" && !recordsById.has(arm.shapeId)) {
         errors.push({
           message: `union ${u.id}: arm ${i} references undeclared shape "${arm.shapeId}"`,
@@ -6334,15 +6330,10 @@ function validateFunction(
           }
         } else {
           // throw: any exception-representable payload (the throw
-          // statement's rule). Date cannot retain its object kind in the
-          // untyped exception cell.
+          // statement's rule).
           if (e.arg === null) {
             err("genResume throw with no payload", e.loc);
-          } else if (
-            e.arg.type.kind === "void" ||
-            e.arg.type.kind === "caught" ||
-            e.arg.type.kind === "date"
-          ) {
+          } else if (e.arg.type.kind === "void" || e.arg.type.kind === "caught") {
             err(`genResume throw of a ${e.arg.type.kind} value`, e.loc);
           }
         }
@@ -6783,11 +6774,7 @@ function validateFunction(
         checkExpr(s.value);
         // dyn throws are allowed: the dyn node rides the REF cell arm by
         // reference (the JS-lane `throw err` of a dyn argument).
-        if (
-          s.value.type.kind === "void" ||
-          s.value.type.kind === "caught" ||
-          s.value.type.kind === "date"
-        ) {
+        if (s.value.type.kind === "void" || s.value.type.kind === "caught") {
           err(`throw of a ${s.value.type.kind} value`, s.loc);
         }
         break;

packages/compiler/surface-manifest.json

@@ -4251,6 +4251,13 @@
       "status": "static",
       "note": "one date string, using V8's date parser shared with new Date(dateString)"
     },
+    {
+      "id": "stdlib.date.setters",
+      "kind": "stdlib",
+      "name": "Date.prototype setters",
+      "status": "static",
+      "note": "setTime and the local and UTC field setters, with their optional arguments"
+    },
     {
       "id": "stdlib.date.toDateString",
       "kind": "stdlib",

packages/compiler/test/ir.test.ts

@@ -8,12 +8,10 @@ test("hand-built fib module validates", () => {
   expect(validateModule(fibModule)).toEqual([]);
 });
 
-test("validator rejects Date union arms beside other data arms", () => {
-  const bad = structuredClone(fibModule);
-  bad.unions = [{ id: "u-date", arms: [{ kind: "date" }, { kind: "string" }] }];
-  expect(validateModule(bad).map((e) => e.message)).toContain(
-    "union u-date: date arm 0 beside non-unit arms",
-  );
+test("validator accepts Date union arms beside other arms", () => {
+  const mixed = structuredClone(fibModule);
+  mixed.unions = [{ id: "u-date", arms: [{ kind: "date" }, { kind: "string" }] }];
+  expect(validateModule(mixed)).toEqual([]);
   const nullable = structuredClone(fibModule);
   nullable.unions = [{ id: "u-date", arms: [{ kind: "date" }, { kind: "undefinedT" }] }];
   expect(validateModule(nullable)).toEqual([]);

packages/compiler/test/ts7/baselines/order-parity/tests/corpus/8020-date-setters.ts.json

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+ "order": [
+  "<repo>/tests/corpus/8020-date-setters.ts"
+ ],
+ "diags": []
+}

packages/compiler/test/ts7/baselines/order-parity/tests/corpus/8021-date-coercions.ts.json

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+ "order": [
+  "<repo>/tests/corpus/8021-date-coercions.ts"
+ ],
+ "diags": []
+}

packages/compiler/test/ts7/baselines/order-parity/tests/corpus/8022-date-unions.ts.json

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+ "order": [
+  "<repo>/tests/corpus/8022-date-unions.ts"
+ ],
+ "diags": []
+}

packages/compiler/test/ts7/baselines/order-parity/tests/corpus/8023-date-clone-throw.ts.json

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+ "order": [
+  "<repo>/tests/corpus/8023-date-clone-throw.ts"
+ ],
+ "diags": []
+}

packages/compiler/test/ts7/baselines/order-parity/tests/corpus/8024-date-setters-dynamic.mjs.json

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+ "order": [
+  "<repo>/tests/corpus/8024-date-setters-dynamic.mjs"
+ ],
+ "diags": []
+}

packages/compiler/test/ts7/baselines/order-parity/tests/corpus/8025-date-subclass-setters.ts.json

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+ "order": [
+  "<repo>/tests/corpus/8025-date-subclass-setters.ts"
+ ],
+ "diags": []
+}

packages/compiler/test/ts7/baselines/order-parity/tests/corpus/8026-date-subclass-setters-dynamic.mjs.json

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+{
+ "order": [
+  "<repo>/tests/corpus/8026-date-subclass-setters-dynamic.mjs"
+ ],
+ "diags": []
+}

packages/runtime/src/scr_lib.c

@@ -11660,6 +11660,56 @@ double scr_date_new_local(double y, double mo, double d,
   return scr_date_from_local(scr_date_v8_make_day(y, mo, d), scr_date_v8_make_time(h, mi, s, ms));
 }
 
+/* Date.prototype's setters over a time value, as V8's builtins-date.cc
+ * computes them: the fields of `t` (local fields for the local setters)
+ * with the first `argc` of them replaced, in the order the setter names
+ * them, by `a`..`d`, through MakeDay/MakeTime/MakeDate, then UTC(t) for
+ * the local setters and TimeClip. An invalid `t` stays invalid, except
+ * that setFullYear and setUTCFullYear start from +0: January 1 of the
+ * epoch year at midnight (local midnight for setFullYear). Returns the new
+ * time value; the caller stores it into the Date. Never throws. */
+double scr_date_set_fields(double t, double setter_code, double argc_count,
+                           double a, double b, double c, double d) {
+  int32_t setter = (int32_t)setter_code, argc = (int32_t)argc_count;
+  bool utc = (setter & SCR_DATE_SET_UTC) != 0;
+  int32_t field = setter & ~SCR_DATE_SET_UTC;
+  ScrDateParts p;
+  if (isnan(t)) {
+    if (field != SCR_DATE_SET_FULL_YEAR) return NAN;
+    p = (ScrDateParts){1970, 0, 1, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
+  } else if (utc) {
+    if (!scr_date_utc_parts(t, &p)) return NAN;
+  } else if (!scr_date_local_parts(t, &p)) {
+    return NAN;
+  }
+  double y = (double)p.year, mo = p.month, dt = p.date;
+  double h = p.hours, mi = p.minutes, s = p.seconds, ms = p.milliseconds;
+  double args[4] = {a, b, c, d};
+  double *slots[7] = {&y, &mo, &dt, &h, &mi, &s, &ms};
+  /* The first field each setter names, in slots' order. */
+  int first;
+  switch (field) {
+  case SCR_DATE_SET_MILLISECONDS: first = 6; break;
+  case SCR_DATE_SET_SECONDS: first = 5; break;
+  case SCR_DATE_SET_MINUTES: first = 4; break;
+  case SCR_DATE_SET_HOURS: first = 3; break;
+  case SCR_DATE_SET_DATE: first = 2; break;
+  case SCR_DATE_SET_MONTH: first = 1; break;
+  case SCR_DATE_SET_FULL_YEAR: first = 0; break;
+  default: return NAN;
+  }
+  /* Each setter takes at most the fields from its own down to the next
+   * larger unit's end: setHours up to milliseconds, setMonth up to the
+   * date, setFullYear up to the date. */
+  int last = first <= 2 ? 2 : 6;
+  for (int i = 0; i < argc && first + i <= last && i < 4; i++) *slots[first + i] = args[i];
+  double day = scr_date_v8_make_day(y, mo, dt);
+  double time = scr_date_v8_make_time(h, mi, s, ms);
+  if (!utc) return scr_date_from_local(day, time);
+  if (!isfinite(day) || !isfinite(time)) return NAN;
+  return scr_date_new_ms(day * 86400000.0 + time);
+}
+
 /* ── V8's date-string parser, the fallback ─────────────────────────────
  * scr_date_parse answers the bounded grammars directly and asks
  * this parser only when they produce NaN. It follows V8's DateParser
@@ -13203,6 +13253,27 @@ ScrDate *scr_dyn_native_date_check(const ScrDyn *value, const ScrDynPath *path)
 static const char scr_date_to_date_string_name[] = "toDateString";
 static const char scr_date_to_time_string_name[] = "toTimeString";
 
+/* The field setters a checked-dynamic Date answers (scr_date_set_fields). */
+static const struct {
+  const char *name;
+  int code, max;
+} scr_native_date_setters[] = {
+  {"setMilliseconds", SCR_DATE_SET_MILLISECONDS, 1},
+  {"setSeconds", SCR_DATE_SET_SECONDS, 2},
+  {"setMinutes", SCR_DATE_SET_MINUTES, 3},
+  {"setHours", SCR_DATE_SET_HOURS, 4},
+  {"setDate", SCR_DATE_SET_DATE, 1},
+  {"setMonth", SCR_DATE_SET_MONTH, 2},
+  {"setFullYear", SCR_DATE_SET_FULL_YEAR, 3},
+  {"setUTCMilliseconds", SCR_DATE_SET_UTC | SCR_DATE_SET_MILLISECONDS, 1},
+  {"setUTCSeconds", SCR_DATE_SET_UTC | SCR_DATE_SET_SECONDS, 2},
+  {"setUTCMinutes", SCR_DATE_SET_UTC | SCR_DATE_SET_MINUTES, 3},
+  {"setUTCHours", SCR_DATE_SET_UTC | SCR_DATE_SET_HOURS, 4},
+  {"setUTCDate", SCR_DATE_SET_UTC | SCR_DATE_SET_DATE, 1},
+  {"setUTCMonth", SCR_DATE_SET_UTC | SCR_DATE_SET_MONTH, 2},
+  {"setUTCFullYear", SCR_DATE_SET_UTC | SCR_DATE_SET_FULL_YEAR, 3},
+};
+
 static ScrDyn *scr_native_date_invoke(void *ptr, ScrDyn *self, const char *method,
     ScrDyn *const *args, size_t argc, const char *what) {
   (void)self; (void)what;
@@ -13232,6 +13303,25 @@ static ScrDyn *scr_native_date_invoke(void *ptr, ScrDyn *self, const char *metho
     ((ScrDate *)ptr)->ms = scr_date_new_ms(time);
     return scr_dyn_new_num(((ScrDate *)ptr)->ms);
   }
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof scr_native_date_setters / sizeof *scr_native_date_setters; i++) {
+    if (strcmp(method, scr_native_date_setters[i].name)) continue;
+    /* V8's order: ToNumber of the first argument, then the time value,
+     * then (unless the date is invalid) ToNumber of the optional ones the
+     * setter takes. */
+    int code = scr_native_date_setters[i].code, max = scr_native_date_setters[i].max;
+    double values[4] = {NAN, 0, 0, 0};
+    if (argc > 0 && !scr_dyn_number_coerce_js(args[0], &values[0])) return NULL;
+    double t = ((ScrDate *)ptr)->ms;
+    int used = argc < (size_t)max ? (int)argc : max;
+    if (used < 1) used = 1;
+    if (!isnan(t) || (code & ~SCR_DATE_SET_UTC) == SCR_DATE_SET_FULL_YEAR) {
+      for (int k = 1; k < used; k++)
+        if (!scr_dyn_number_coerce_js(args[k], &values[k])) return NULL;
+    }
+    double next = scr_date_set_fields(t, code, used, values[0], values[1], values[2], values[3]);
+    ((ScrDate *)ptr)->ms = next;
+    return scr_dyn_new_num(next);
+  }
 #define DATE_GET(name, fn) if (!strcmp(method, name)) return scr_dyn_new_num(fn(ms))
   DATE_GET("getFullYear", scr_date_get_full_year_local);
   DATE_GET("getUTCFullYear", scr_date_get_full_year_utc);
@@ -13311,7 +13401,9 @@ static const char *const scr_native_date_methods[] = {
   "getFullYear", "getUTCFullYear", "getMonth",
   "getUTCMonth", "getDate", "getUTCDate", "getDay", "getUTCDay", "getHours", "getUTCHours",
   "getMinutes", "getUTCMinutes", "getSeconds", "getUTCSeconds", "getMilliseconds",
-  "getUTCMilliseconds", "getTimezoneOffset", "setTime",
+  "getUTCMilliseconds", "getTimezoneOffset", "setTime", "setMilliseconds", "setSeconds",
+  "setMinutes", "setHours", "setDate", "setMonth", "setFullYear", "setUTCMilliseconds",
+  "setUTCSeconds", "setUTCMinutes", "setUTCHours", "setUTCDate", "setUTCMonth", "setUTCFullYear",
 };
 #define SCR_NATIVE_DATE_METHODS (sizeof scr_native_date_methods / sizeof scr_native_date_methods[0])
 static SCR_TL ScrDyn *scr_native_date_method_values[SCR_NATIVE_DATE_METHODS];
@@ -13397,12 +13489,40 @@ static ScrDyn *scr_native_date_get(void *ptr, const char *key, size_t key_len) {
   return NULL;
 }
 
+/* structuredClone of a Date: a new Date with the same time value. */
+static ScrDyn *scr_native_date_clone(void *h) {
+  return scr_dyn_native_date_from_ms(((ScrDate *)h)->ms);
+}
+
+/* A Date crossing threads (postMessage, workerData) carries its time value
+ * in a plain allocation any thread may read and free. */
+static void *scr_native_date_share(void *h) {
+  double *ms = malloc(sizeof *ms);
+  if (!ms) scr_trap("scriptc: out of memory\n");
+  *ms = ((ScrDate *)h)->ms;
+  return ms;
+}
+
+static ScrDyn *scr_native_date_adopt(void *payload) {
+  return scr_dyn_native_date_from_ms(*(double *)payload);
+}
+
+static void scr_native_date_drop(void *payload) { free(payload); }
+
+static const ScrDynHandleTransfer scr_native_date_transfer = {
+  .share = scr_native_date_share, .adopt = scr_native_date_adopt, .drop = scr_native_date_drop};
+
 /* A checked-dynamic handle for the Date object `date` (borrowed; the
  * handle retains it), so the value stays the same object. */
 ScrDyn *scr_dyn_native_date(ScrDate *date) {
   static const ScrDynHandleOps ops = {
-    "Date", &scr_date_retain_v, &scr_date_release_v, &scr_native_date_invoke,
-    &scr_native_date_get, NULL, NULL, NULL,
+    .cls = "Date",
+    .retain = &scr_date_retain_v,
+    .release = &scr_date_release_v,
+    .invoke = &scr_native_date_invoke,
+    .get = &scr_native_date_get,
+    .clone = &scr_native_date_clone,
+    .transfer = &scr_native_date_transfer,
   };
   scr_dyn_handle_install(SCR_DYNH_DATE, &ops);
   return scr_dyn_new_handle(date, SCR_DYNH_DATE);

packages/runtime/src/scr_number.h

@@ -111,6 +111,23 @@ double scr_date_now(void); /* integer ms since epoch, like Node */
 extern SCR_TL const double *scr_date_mock_now;
 double scr_date_new_ms(double ms); /* TimeClip (NaN when invalid) */
 double scr_date_get_time(double ms);
+/* Date.prototype's setters (setMilliseconds ... setFullYear and their UTC
+ * forms) over a time value: the new time value for `argc` arguments
+ * `a`..`d` (scr_lib.c). `setter` is an SCR_DATE_SET_* code; it and `argc`
+ * are whole numbers passed as doubles, as the compiler's lib calls pass
+ * numbers. */
+enum {
+  SCR_DATE_SET_MILLISECONDS = 0,
+  SCR_DATE_SET_SECONDS = 1,
+  SCR_DATE_SET_MINUTES = 2,
+  SCR_DATE_SET_HOURS = 3,
+  SCR_DATE_SET_DATE = 4,
+  SCR_DATE_SET_MONTH = 5,
+  SCR_DATE_SET_FULL_YEAR = 6,
+  SCR_DATE_SET_UTC = 8,
+};
+double scr_date_set_fields(double t, double setter, double argc,
+                           double a, double b, double c, double d);
 /* A Date object: the TimeClip'd time value in milliseconds (NaN for an
  * invalid date). Dates are immutable; their identity is the pointer.
  * Retain/release follow the runtime's RC conventions (SIZE_MAX immortal). */

tests/corpus/8020-date-setters.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+// Date setters: every local and UTC setter with each argument count, the
+// time values they return, normalization of out-of-range fields, local
+// setters across a daylight saving transition, setters on invalid dates,
+// explicit undefined arguments, fractional arguments, and the TimeClip
+// range. A setter changes the one Date object every alias holds.
+export {};
+process.env.TZ = "America/Chicago";
+
+const show = (label: string, d: Date): void => {
+  console.log(label, d.getTime(), Number.isNaN(d.getTime()) ? "invalid" : d.toISOString());
+};
+
+const d = new Date(Date.UTC(2026, 0, 31, 10, 20, 30, 400));
+console.log(d.setMilliseconds(999), d.getMilliseconds());
+console.log(d.setSeconds(5), d.setSeconds(6, 7));
+console.log(d.setMinutes(1), d.setMinutes(2, 3), d.setMinutes(4, 5, 6));
+console.log(d.setHours(7), d.setHours(8, 9), d.setHours(10, 11, 12), d.setHours(13, 14, 15, 16));
+console.log(d.setDate(15), d.setMonth(1), d.setMonth(2, 3));
+console.log(d.setFullYear(2025), d.setFullYear(2024, 1), d.setFullYear(2023, 4, 6));
+show("local", d);
+
+const u = new Date(Date.UTC(2026, 0, 31));
+console.log(u.setUTCMilliseconds(1), u.setUTCSeconds(2, 3), u.setUTCMinutes(4, 5, 6));
+console.log(u.setUTCHours(7, 8, 9, 10), u.setUTCDate(1), u.setUTCMonth(5, 30));
+console.log(u.setUTCFullYear(1999), u.setUTCFullYear(2000, 1, 29));
+show("utc", u);
+
+// Fields out of range carry into the next larger field, both ways.
+const n = new Date(Date.UTC(2026, 0, 31, 12));
+n.setUTCMonth(1);
+show("Jan 31 + month", n);
+n.setUTCDate(0);
+show("day 0", n);
+n.setUTCMonth(13);
+show("month 13", n);
+n.setUTCHours(-1);
+show("hour -1", n);
+n.setUTCMinutes(60 * 24 + 1);
+show("minutes past a day", n);
+n.setUTCSeconds(-0.5);
+show("fractional seconds", n);
+n.setUTCMilliseconds(1.9);
+show("fractional ms", n);
+
+// Local setters in a zone with daylight saving time: 2026-03-08 02:30
+// does not exist in Chicago and 2026-11-01 01:30 happens twice.
+const spring = new Date(2026, 2, 8, 0, 0);
+spring.setHours(2, 30);
+show("spring gap", spring);
+console.log(spring.getHours(), spring.getMinutes(), spring.getTimezoneOffset());
+const fall = new Date(2026, 10, 1, 0, 0);
+fall.setHours(1, 30);
+show("fall overlap", fall);
+fall.setMinutes(fall.getMinutes() + 60);
+show("fall overlap + 60 min", fall);
+const walk = new Date(2026, 2, 7, 12);
+for (let i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+  walk.setDate(walk.getDate() + 1);
+  console.log("walk", walk.getDate(), walk.getHours(), walk.getTimezoneOffset());
+}
+
+// Invalid dates: setFullYear starts from +0 local time, the others keep NaN.
+const bad = new Date(NaN);
+console.log(bad.setHours(1), bad.setDate(2), bad.setUTCMonth(3), bad.setMilliseconds(4));
+console.log(bad.setFullYear(2020));
+show("after setFullYear", bad);
+const badUtc = new Date("not a date");
+console.log(badUtc.setUTCFullYear(2021, 6));
+show("after setUTCFullYear", badUtc);
+
+// Explicit undefined and NaN arguments make the date invalid; a missing
+// optional argument keeps the current field.
+const opt = new Date(Date.UTC(2026, 5, 15, 9));
+console.log(opt.setUTCHours(10, undefined), Number.isNaN(opt.getTime()));
+const opt2 = new Date(Date.UTC(2026, 5, 15, 9));
+console.log(opt2.setUTCMonth(Number.NaN), opt2.setUTCMonth(2));
+
+// setTime and the TimeClip range.
+const t = new Date(0);
+console.log(t.setTime(8.64e15), t.setTime(8.64e15 + 1), t.setTime(-8.64e15), t.setTime(1.5));
+console.log(t.setTime(-0), Object.is(t.getTime(), 0), t.setTime(Number.NaN));
+const far = new Date(Date.UTC(275760, 8, 13));
+console.log(far.getTime(), far.setUTCMilliseconds(1));
+
+// Every alias sees the change: a second binding, an array slot, a Map
+// value, a record field, a closure and a parameter.
+const shared = new Date(Date.UTC(2026, 6, 4));
+const alias = shared;
+const list = [shared, new Date(Date.UTC(2000, 0, 1))];
+const byName = new Map<string, Date>([["shared", shared]]);
+const holder = { when: shared };
+const bump = (): number => shared.setUTCDate(shared.getUTCDate() + 1);
+const nextYear = (date: Date): void => {
+  date.setUTCFullYear(date.getUTCFullYear() + 1);
+};
+alias.setUTCHours(6);
+list[0]!.setUTCMinutes(30);
+byName.get("shared")!.setUTCSeconds(15);
+holder.when.setUTCMilliseconds(250);
+bump();
+nextYear(shared);
+show("shared", shared);
+console.log(alias === shared, list[0] === shared, byName.get("shared") === holder.when);
+console.log(list.map((x) => x.toISOString()).join(" "));
+
+// A Date a loop adjusts in place.
+const cursor = new Date(Date.UTC(2026, 0, 1));
+let weekdays = 0;
+while (cursor.getUTCFullYear() === 2026) {
+  const day = cursor.getUTCDay();
+  if (day !== 0 && day !== 6) weekdays++;
+  cursor.setUTCDate(cursor.getUTCDate() + 1);
+}
+console.log("weekdays in 2026", weekdays);
+show("cursor", cursor);

tests/corpus/8021-date-coercions.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+// Dates converted to primitives as Node converts them: unary +, Number()
+// and relational operators read the time value (the number hint), while +
+// with a string, template literals and String() read the text (a Date's
+// default hint is a string). Symbol.toPrimitive, valueOf and toString answer
+// the same values; == compares two Dates by identity and a Date with a
+// primitive through its default primitive. typeof, truthiness and
+// instanceof treat a Date as an object, invalid ones included.
+export {};
+process.env.TZ = "UTC";
+
+const a = new Date(Date.UTC(2026, 9, 23, 8, 30));
+const b = new Date(Date.UTC(2026, 9, 24, 8, 30));
+const bad = new Date(Number.NaN);
+
+console.log(+a, -a, +b - +a, (+b - +a) / 3600000, Number(a), Math.max(+a, +b) === b.getTime());
+console.log(a + "!");
+console.log(`at ${a}`);
+console.log(String(b));
+console.log("" + a === a.toString(), a + "1" === a.toString() + "1");
+console.log(a[Symbol.toPrimitive]("number"), a[Symbol.toPrimitive]("string") === a.toString());
+console.log(a[Symbol.toPrimitive]("default") === a.toString(), a.valueOf() === a.getTime());
+console.log(a < b, a <= b, a > b, a >= b, +b > a.getTime() + 1);
+
+const same = a;
+const twin = new Date(a.getTime());
+console.log(a == same, a == twin, a === twin, a != twin, a.getTime() === twin.getTime());
+console.log(a == (a.toString() as unknown), a == (a.getTime() as unknown));
+
+console.log(typeof a, typeof bad, a instanceof Date, bad instanceof Date);
+console.log(Object.prototype.toString.call(a), !a, !!bad, bad ? "truthy" : "falsy");
+
+// Invalid dates.
+console.log(+bad, +bad - +a, `${bad}`, String(bad), bad + "", Number.isNaN(bad.getTime()));
+console.log(bad.toJSON(), JSON.stringify({ when: bad, at: a }));
+try {
+  bad.toISOString();
+} catch (error) {
+  console.log((error as Error).name, (error as Error).message);
+}
+
+// Sorting and summing through the number hint.
+const days = [b, a, new Date(Date.UTC(2026, 0, 1))];
+days.sort((x, y) => +x - +y);
+console.log(days.map((x) => x.getUTCDate()).join(","));
+let span = 0;
+for (let i = 1; i < days.length; i++) span += +days[i]! - +days[i - 1]!;
+console.log(span / 86400000);

tests/corpus/8022-date-unions.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+// Dates in unions with other arms: Date | string, Date | number and
+// Date | a record, narrowed with instanceof and typeof, in arrays, Map
+// values, optional fields and function results. A Date arm keeps its
+// identity, so a setter through a union-typed alias changes the original.
+export {};
+process.env.TZ = "UTC";
+
+type When = Date | string | number;
+
+function describe(when: When): string {
+  if (when instanceof Date) return `date ${when.toISOString()}`;
+  if (typeof when === "string") return `text ${when}`;
+  return `ms ${when}`;
+}
+
+function normalize(when: When): Date {
+  return when instanceof Date ? when : new Date(when);
+}
+
+const fixed = new Date(Date.UTC(2026, 9, 23));
+const values: When[] = [fixed, "2026-01-02T03:04:05Z", 0, new Date(Number.NaN)];
+for (const value of values) {
+  const text = value instanceof Date && Number.isNaN(value.getTime()) ? "invalid" : describe(value);
+  console.log(text);
+}
+console.log(normalize(fixed) === fixed, normalize("2000-01-01").getUTCFullYear(), normalize(1e12).getUTCFullYear());
+
+const held: When = fixed;
+if (held instanceof Date) held.setUTCHours(12);
+console.log(fixed.getUTCHours(), held === fixed);
+
+type Stamp = Date | { label: string; at: number };
+const stamps: Stamp[] = [fixed, { label: "start", at: 5 }];
+for (const stamp of stamps) {
+  console.log(stamp instanceof Date ? stamp.getUTCDate() : `${stamp.label}@${stamp.at}`);
+}
+
+const byKey = new Map<string, Date | string>();
+byKey.set("a", fixed);
+byKey.set("b", "later");
+for (const [key, value] of byKey) console.log(key, value instanceof Date ? value.getTime() : value);
+
+interface Task {
+  name: string;
+  due?: Date;
+  done: Date | null;
+}
+const tasks: Task[] = [
+  { name: "write", due: fixed, done: null },
+  { name: "ship", done: new Date(Date.UTC(2026, 11, 1)) },
+];
+for (const task of tasks) {
+  const due = task.due ? task.due.toISOString().slice(0, 10) : "none";
+  const done = task.done === null ? "open" : task.done.toISOString().slice(0, 10);
+  console.log(task.name, due, done);
+}
+tasks[0]!.due!.setUTCDate(30);
+console.log(fixed.getUTCDate(), tasks[0]!.due === fixed);
+
+function latest(dates: (Date | undefined)[]): Date | string {
+  let best: Date | undefined;
+  for (const date of dates) if (date && (best === undefined || date > best)) best = date;
+  return best ?? "none";
+}
+const found = latest([undefined, fixed, new Date(0)]);
+console.log(found === fixed, latest([]));
+
+console.log(JSON.stringify({ values, stamps }));

tests/corpus/8023-date-clone-throw.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// Dates through structuredClone and MessageChannel, which copy them as
+// new Dates with the same time value, and Dates thrown and rejected as
+// values, which keep their identity.
+import { MessageChannel } from "node:worker_threads";
+process.env.TZ = "UTC";
+
+const at = new Date(Date.UTC(2026, 9, 23, 7));
+const copy = structuredClone(at);
+console.log(copy instanceof Date, copy === at, copy.getTime() === at.getTime());
+copy.setUTCFullYear(2000);
+console.log(at.getUTCFullYear(), copy.getUTCFullYear());
+
+const nested = structuredClone({ at, list: [at, at], invalid: new Date(Number.NaN) });
+console.log(nested.list[0] instanceof Date, nested.at === at, nested.list.length);
+console.log(nested.at.toISOString(), Number.isNaN(nested.invalid.getTime()));
+
+try {
+  throw at;
+} catch (error) {
+  console.log(error instanceof Date, error === at);
+}
+
+const { port1, port2 } = new MessageChannel();
+port2.on("message", (data: { when: Date; again: Date }) => {
+  const { when, again } = data;
+  console.log("message", when instanceof Date, when === at, again instanceof Date, when.toISOString());
+  port2.close();
+  Promise.reject(at).catch((reason: unknown) => {
+    console.log("rejected", reason instanceof Date, reason === at);
+  });
+});
+port1.postMessage({ when: at, again: at });

tests/corpus/8024-date-setters-dynamic.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// Date setters in JavaScript, on Dates held as untyped values: each setter
+// converts its arguments with ToNumber (valueOf runs, undefined is NaN) and
+// changes the one Date object every alias holds.
+process.env.TZ = "Europe/Berlin";
+
+const d = new Date(Date.UTC(2026, 2, 28, 12));
+const alias = d;
+const box = { d };
+console.log(d.setHours(1, 30), d.getHours(), d.getTimezoneOffset());
+console.log(alias.setDate(29), box.d.getHours(), d.getTimezoneOffset());
+console.log(d.setMinutes("15"), d.setSeconds(true), d.setMilliseconds(null));
+console.log(d.setUTCFullYear(2030, 11, 31), d.toISOString());
+console.log(d.setMonth(undefined), Number.isNaN(d.getTime()));
+console.log(d.setFullYear(2001), d.toISOString());
+
+let calls = 0;
+const later = { valueOf() { calls++; return 45; } };
+console.log(d.setUTCMinutes(later, later), calls, d.toISOString());
+
+const other = new Date(0);
+console.log(other.setHours(5), other.getHours(), typeof d.setMonth);
+const list = [new Date(0), new Date(86400000)];
+list.forEach((x, i) => x.setUTCHours(i + 1));
+console.log(list.map((x) => x.toISOString()).join(" "));

tests/corpus/8025-date-subclass-setters.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+// Setters on instances of a class declared `extends Date`: each changes
+// the instance's time value, which the inherited getters, the subclass's
+// own methods and toISOString then read; invalid instances follow the same
+// rules as Dates.
+export {};
+process.env.TZ = "Asia/Kolkata";
+
+class Deadline extends Date {
+  label: string;
+  constructor(label: string, ms: number) {
+    super(ms);
+    this.label = label;
+  }
+  extend(days: number): this {
+    this.setDate(this.getDate() + days);
+    return this;
+  }
+  describe(): string {
+    return `${this.label} ${this.toISOString()}`;
+  }
+}
+
+const due = new Deadline("report", Date.UTC(2026, 9, 23, 18, 30));
+console.log(due.describe());
+console.log(due.setHours(9, 15), due.getHours(), due.getMinutes());
+console.log(due.extend(10).describe());
+console.log(due.setUTCMonth(0, 31), due.setMonth(1), due.getDate(), due.getMonth());
+console.log(due.setFullYear(2024, 1, 29), due.describe());
+console.log(due.setTime(Number.NaN), Number.isNaN(due.getTime()), due.setUTCFullYear(2030));
+console.log(due.describe(), due instanceof Date, due instanceof Deadline);

tests/corpus/8026-date-subclass-setters-dynamic.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Setters on instances of a JavaScript class declared `extends Date`, held
+// as untyped values: the inherited setters change the instance's time value.
+process.env.TZ = "America/Sao_Paulo";
+
+class Shift extends Date {
+  start() {
+    this.setHours(8, 0, 0, 0);
+    return this;
+  }
+}
+
+const shift = new Shift(Date.UTC(2026, 4, 5, 15));
+console.log(shift.start().toISOString(), shift.getHours());
+console.log(shift.setDate(31), shift.getMonth(), shift.setUTCHours(0), shift.toISOString());
+const values = [shift, new Shift(0)];
+for (const value of values) value.setUTCMinutes(45);
+console.log(values.map((value) => value.toISOString()).join(" "), values[0] === shift);

tests/diagnostics/stdlib-fence.ts

@@ -21,8 +21,6 @@ const fmt = new Intl.NumberFormat();
 
 // Constructors.
 const d = new Date(...([2024, 0] as const)); // spread field arguments stay fenced
-const mutableDate = new Date(0);
-mutableDate.setUTCFullYear(2024); // mutation is outside the read-only Date slice
 const wr = new WeakRef({});
 const px = new Proxy({ a: 1 }, {});
 const buf = new ArrayBuffer(8);
@@ -73,14 +71,6 @@ function pick(a: string | number, b: number | boolean): boolean {
 }
 const picked = pick(1, 2);
 
-function throwDate(): void {
-  throw new Date(0); // the exception cell cannot preserve Date's object kind
-}
-throwDate();
-function* dateGenerator(): Generator<number, void, unknown> {
-  yield 1;
-}
-dateGenerator().throw(new Date(0));
 // Related classes may store one object under different union tags. A
 // structural arm beside them leaves no identity-preserving comparison.
 class FenceBase {

tests/harness/__snapshots__/assert-class-fences.ts.txt

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ assert-class-fences.ts:12:16 - error SC2020: 'assert.Assert instances used as va
 
   hint: bind `new Assert(...)` with literal options to a const and only call methods on it (`const a = new Assert({ diff: 'full' }); a.strictEqual(x, y)`)
 
-assert-class-fences.ts:13:22 - error SC2001: values of type 'object | Assert' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, read-only Date values, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
+assert-class-fences.ts:13:22 - error SC2001: values of type 'object | Assert' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, Dates, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
 
   12 | const passed = new Assert();
   13 | function useInstance(a: Assert | object): void {

tests/harness/__snapshots__/class-interface-refinements.ts.txt

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ class-interface-refinements.ts:8:26 - error SC2002: record shapes must match exa
 
   hint: width subtyping compiles as a copy (each expected field copied off the source; extra fields drop) — this pair is outside the copy's rules; build a literal with exactly the expected fields instead
 
-class-interface-refinements.ts:12:16 - error SC2001: values of type 'AddedStorage' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, read-only Date values, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
+class-interface-refinements.ts:12:16 - error SC2001: values of type 'AddedStorage' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, Dates, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
 
   11 | interface AddedStorage extends Box { extra: string; }
   12 | function added(view: AddedStorage): string { return view.extra; }
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class-interface-refinements.ts:13:13 - error SC2004: uses of 'added' inherit the
 
   hint: the declaration of 'added' did not compile — fix the diagnostic reported there and these sites clear with it
 
-class-interface-refinements.ts:16:18 - error SC2001: values of type 'ChangedMethod' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, read-only Date values, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
+class-interface-refinements.ts:16:18 - error SC2001: values of type 'ChangedMethod' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, Dates, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
 
   15 | interface ChangedMethod extends Box { read(): number; }
   16 | function changed(view: ChangedMethod): number { return view.read(); }

tests/harness/__snapshots__/date-formatters.ts.txt

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ date-formatters.ts:4:1 - error SC2020: 'Date.prototype.toLocaleTimeString' is pa
     | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
   5 | date.toLocaleString();
 
-  hint: getTime(), valueOf(), toISOString(), toUTCString(), toJSON(), toString(), toDateString(), toTimeString(), the local/UTC calendar getters, and getTimezoneOffset() are supported; Date setters and locale formatters have no lowering
+  hint: getTime(), valueOf(), toISOString(), toUTCString(), toJSON(), toString(), toDateString(), toTimeString(), the local/UTC calendar getters and setters, setTime(), and getTimezoneOffset() are supported; locale formatters have no lowering
 
 date-formatters.ts:5:1 - error SC2020: 'Date.prototype.toLocaleString' is part of the standard library types but has no scriptc lowering yet
 
@@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ date-formatters.ts:5:1 - error SC2020: 'Date.prototype.toLocaleString' is part o
     | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
   6 | 
 
-  hint: getTime(), valueOf(), toISOString(), toUTCString(), toJSON(), toString(), toDateString(), toTimeString(), the local/UTC calendar getters, and getTimezoneOffset() are supported; Date setters and locale formatters have no lowering
+  hint: getTime(), valueOf(), toISOString(), toUTCString(), toJSON(), toString(), toDateString(), toTimeString(), the local/UTC calendar getters and setters, setTime(), and getTimezoneOffset() are supported; locale formatters have no lowering

tests/harness/__snapshots__/dynamic-representable-types.ts.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-dynamic-representable-types.ts:7:7 - error SC2001: values of type '[number, (string | undefined)?]' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, read-only Date values, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
+dynamic-representable-types.ts:7:7 - error SC2001: values of type '[number, (string | undefined)?]' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, Dates, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
 
   6 | const bare: any = 41;
   7 | const optTuple: [number, string?] = [1];

tests/harness/__snapshots__/generics.ts.txt

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ generics.ts:30:10 - error SC1090: '.join()' on arrays of this element type (numb
      |          ^~~~~~~~~~~
   31 | }
 
-generics.ts:44:7 - error SC2001: values of type 'typeof Box' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, read-only Date values, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
+generics.ts:44:7 - error SC2001: values of type 'typeof Box' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, Dates, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
 
   43 | // The uninstantiated family as a value: no thunk, no single ctor ABI.
   44 | const BoxAlias = Box;

tests/harness/__snapshots__/maps-surface.ts.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-maps-surface.ts:21:11 - error SC2001: values of type '(v: number, k: string, theMap: Map<string, number>) => void' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, read-only Date values, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
+maps-surface.ts:21:11 - error SC2001: values of type '(v: number, k: string, theMap: Map<string, number>) => void' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, Dates, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
 
   20 | // The forEach callback receives (value, key) — no third map parameter.
   21 | m.forEach((v, k, theMap) => console.log(k, v));

tests/harness/__snapshots__/regex-match-destructuring-fences.ts.txt

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ regex-match-destructuring-fences.ts:6:16 - error SC1031: rest bindings over rege
     |                ^~~~~~~
   7 | const { input = "none" } = m;
 
-regex-match-destructuring-fences.ts:6:19 - error SC2001: values of type '{ [n: number]: string; input: string; 0: string; length: number; toString(): string; toLocaleString(): string; toLocaleString(locales: string | string[], options?: (NumberFormatOptions & DateTimeFormatOptions) | undefined): string; ... 39 more ...; with(index: number, value: string): string[]; }' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, read-only Date values, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
+regex-match-destructuring-fences.ts:6:19 - error SC2001: values of type '{ [n: number]: string; input: string; 0: string; length: number; toString(): string; toLocaleString(): string; toLocaleString(locales: string | string[], options?: (NumberFormatOptions & DateTimeFormatOptions) | undefined): string; ... 39 more ...; with(index: number, value: string): string[]; }' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, Dates, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
 
   5 | const m = /(a)(b)?/.exec("ab")!;
   6 | const { index, ...rest } = m;

tests/harness/__snapshots__/retired-engine-2103-optional-tuple-elements.ts.txt

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ retired-engine-2103-optional-tuple-elements.ts:19:1 - error SC2004: uses of 'f2'
 
   hint: the declaration of 'f2' did not compile — fix the diagnostic reported there and these sites clear with it
 
-retired-engine-2103-optional-tuple-elements.ts:20:7 - error SC2001: values of type '[(string | undefined)?, (number | undefined)?]' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, read-only Date values, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
+retired-engine-2103-optional-tuple-elements.ts:20:7 - error SC2001: values of type '[(string | undefined)?, (number | undefined)?]' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, Dates, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
 
   19 | f2([]);
   20 | const t: [string?, number?] = ["x"];
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ retired-engine-2103-optional-tuple-elements.ts:21:13 - error SC2004: uses of 't'
 
   hint: the declaration of 't' did not compile — fix the diagnostic reported there and these sites clear with it
 
-retired-engine-2103-optional-tuple-elements.ts:22:7 - error SC2001: values of type '[(string | undefined)?, (number | undefined)?]' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, read-only Date values, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
+retired-engine-2103-optional-tuple-elements.ts:22:7 - error SC2001: values of type '[(string | undefined)?, (number | undefined)?]' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, Dates, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
 
   21 | console.log(t.length, `${t[0]} ${t[1]}`);
   22 | const full: [string?, number?] = ["y", 7];
@@ -75,14 +75,14 @@ retired-engine-2103-optional-tuple-elements.ts:23:13 - error SC2004: uses of 'fu
 
   hint: the declaration of 'full' did not compile — fix the diagnostic reported there and these sites clear with it
 
-retired-engine-2103-optional-tuple-elements.ts:24:7 - error SC2001: values of type '[(string | undefined)?, (number | undefined)?]' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, read-only Date values, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
+retired-engine-2103-optional-tuple-elements.ts:24:7 - error SC2001: values of type '[(string | undefined)?, (number | undefined)?]' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, Dates, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
 
   23 | console.log(full.length, `${full[0]} ${full[1]}`);
   24 | const none: [string?, number?] = [];
      |       ^~~~
   25 | console.log(none.length);
 
-retired-engine-2103-optional-tuple-elements.ts:24:34 - error SC2001: values of type '[(string | undefined)?, (number | undefined)?]' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, read-only Date values, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
+retired-engine-2103-optional-tuple-elements.ts:24:34 - error SC2001: values of type '[(string | undefined)?, (number | undefined)?]' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, Dates, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
 
   23 | console.log(full.length, `${full[0]} ${full[1]}`);
   24 | const none: [string?, number?] = [];
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ retired-engine-2103-optional-tuple-elements.ts:25:13 - error SC2004: uses of 'no
 
   hint: the declaration of 'none' did not compile — fix the diagnostic reported there and these sites clear with it
 
-retired-engine-2103-optional-tuple-elements.ts:27:7 - error SC2001: values of type '[string, ...number[]]' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, read-only Date values, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
+retired-engine-2103-optional-tuple-elements.ts:27:7 - error SC2001: values of type '[string, ...number[]]' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, Dates, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
 
   26 | // A rest-element tuple rides the same island representation.
   27 | const r: [string, ...number[]] = ["head", 1, 2, 3];

tests/harness/__snapshots__/stdlib-fence.ts.txt

@@ -55,88 +55,65 @@ stdlib-fence.ts:23:11 - error SC2020: 'new Date with spread arguments' is part o
   22 | // Constructors.
   23 | const d = new Date(...([2024, 0] as const)); // spread field arguments stay fenced
      |           ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-  24 | const mutableDate = new Date(0);
+  24 | const wr = new WeakRef({});
 
   hint: new Date(), new Date(milliseconds), new Date(dateString), and new Date(year, monthIndex, ...) with listed arguments are supported
 
-stdlib-fence.ts:25:1 - error SC2020: 'Date.prototype.setUTCFullYear with arguments' is part of the standard library types but has no scriptc lowering yet
+stdlib-fence.ts:24:7 - error SC2020: 'WeakRef<{}>' is part of the standard library types but has no scriptc lowering yet
 
-  24 | const mutableDate = new Date(0);
-  25 | mutableDate.setUTCFullYear(2024); // mutation is outside the read-only Date slice
-     | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-  26 | const wr = new WeakRef({});
-
-  hint: getTime(), valueOf(), toISOString(), toUTCString(), toJSON(), toString(), toDateString(), toTimeString(), the local/UTC calendar getters, and getTimezoneOffset() are supported; Date setters and locale formatters have no lowering
-
-stdlib-fence.ts:26:7 - error SC2020: 'WeakRef<{}>' is part of the standard library types but has no scriptc lowering yet
-
-  25 | mutableDate.setUTCFullYear(2024); // mutation is outside the read-only Date slice
-  26 | const wr = new WeakRef({});
+  23 | const d = new Date(...([2024, 0] as const)); // spread field arguments stay fenced
+  24 | const wr = new WeakRef({});
      |       ^~
-  27 | const px = new Proxy({ a: 1 }, {});
+  25 | const px = new Proxy({ a: 1 }, {});
 
   hint: the type checker sees the full standard library, but only the supported surface compiles (https://scriptc.dev/limitations)
 
-stdlib-fence.ts:26:12 - error SC2020: 'new WeakRef' is part of the standard library types but has no scriptc lowering yet
+stdlib-fence.ts:24:12 - error SC2020: 'new WeakRef' is part of the standard library types but has no scriptc lowering yet
 
-  25 | mutableDate.setUTCFullYear(2024); // mutation is outside the read-only Date slice
-  26 | const wr = new WeakRef({});
+  23 | const d = new Date(...([2024, 0] as const)); // spread field arguments stay fenced
+  24 | const wr = new WeakRef({});
      |            ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-  27 | const px = new Proxy({ a: 1 }, {});
+  25 | const px = new Proxy({ a: 1 }, {});
 
   hint: deref()-after-collect exposes GC timing — genuinely dynamic; hold a strong reference instead
 
-stdlib-fence.ts:41:31 - error SC1090: '.split()' on a 'RegExp | string' separator (pass a string, or a regex literal) is not supported yet
+stdlib-fence.ts:39:31 - error SC1090: '.split()' on a 'RegExp | string' separator (pass a string, or a regex literal) is not supported yet
 
-  40 | const norm = "abc".normalize();
-  41 | const limited = "a,b,c".split(Math.random() ? "," : /,/, 2); // union separators stay fenced; limits lower
+  38 | const norm = "abc".normalize();
+  39 | const limited = "a,b,c".split(Math.random() ? "," : /,/, 2); // union separators stay fenced; limits lower
      |                               ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-  42 | const fixed = (1.5).toFixed(); // digit-free toFixed lowers now (the static ties-up integer)
+  40 | const fixed = (1.5).toFixed(); // digit-free toFixed lowers now (the static ties-up integer)
 
-stdlib-fence.ts:43:19 - error SC2020: 'Number.prototype.toLocaleString without a locale' is part of the standard library types but has no scriptc lowering yet
+stdlib-fence.ts:41:19 - error SC2020: 'Number.prototype.toLocaleString without a locale' is part of the standard library types but has no scriptc lowering yet
 
-  42 | const fixed = (1.5).toFixed(); // digit-free toFixed lowers now (the static ties-up integer)
-  43 | const localized = (1234.5).toLocaleString();
+  40 | const fixed = (1.5).toFixed(); // digit-free toFixed lowers now (the static ties-up integer)
+  41 | const localized = (1234.5).toLocaleString();
      |                   ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-  44 | // Unlowered call FORMS of lowered members. (push is fully variadic now —
+  42 | // Unlowered call FORMS of lowered members. (push is fully variadic now —
 
   hint: the default locale is the host environment's, which a compiled binary cannot carry — pass it explicitly: x.toLocaleString("en-US")
 
-stdlib-fence.ts:49:1 - error SC2020: '.forEach with 2 arguments' is part of the standard library types but has no scriptc lowering yet
+stdlib-fence.ts:47:1 - error SC2020: '.forEach with 2 arguments' is part of the standard library types but has no scriptc lowering yet
 
-  48 | const joined = nums.join(); // the omitted separator lowers
-  49 | nums.forEach((x) => console.log(x), { unused: true }); // thisArg stays fenced
+  46 | const joined = nums.join(); // the omitted separator lowers
+  47 | nums.forEach((x) => console.log(x), { unused: true }); // thisArg stays fenced
      | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-  50 | const pos = "abc".includes("b", 1); // the position form lowers now (indexOf's clamp)
+  48 | const pos = "abc".includes("b", 1); // the position form lowers now (indexOf's clamp)
 
   hint: the thisArg parameter has no lowering — use an arrow function
 
-stdlib-fence.ts:77:9 - error SC1090: throwing Date values (catch bindings cannot preserve Date's object kind; throw an Error or primitive instead) are not supported yet
+stdlib-fence.ts:84:10 - error SC1090: comparisons of related class values beside structural union members (narrow first: check a discriminant field, or compare with '!== undefined'/'!== null' for unit arms) are not supported yet
 
-  76 | function throwDate(): void {
-  77 |   throw new Date(0); // the exception cell cannot preserve Date's object kind
-     |         ^~~~~~~~~~~
-  78 | }
-
-stdlib-fence.ts:83:23 - error SC1090: .throw() with a Date value (the exception channel cannot preserve Date's object kind; throw an Error or primitive instead) is not supported yet
-
-  82 | }
-  83 | dateGenerator().throw(new Date(0));
-     |                       ^~~~~~~~~~~
-  84 | // Related classes may store one object under different union tags. A
-
-stdlib-fence.ts:94:10 - error SC1090: comparisons of related class values beside structural union members (narrow first: check a discriminant field, or compare with '!== undefined'/'!== null' for unit arms) are not supported yet
-
-  93 | function relatedStrict(a: FenceValue, b: FenceValue): boolean {
-  94 |   return a === b;
+  83 | function relatedStrict(a: FenceValue, b: FenceValue): boolean {
+  84 |   return a === b;
      |          ^~~~~~~
-  95 | }
+  85 | }
 
-stdlib-fence.ts:97:10 - error SC2020: 'Object.is over related class values beside structural union members' is part of the standard library types but has no scriptc lowering yet
+stdlib-fence.ts:87:10 - error SC2020: 'Object.is over related class values beside structural union members' is part of the standard library types but has no scriptc lowering yet
 
-  96 | function relatedSameValue(a: FenceValue, b: FenceSub): boolean {
-  97 |   return Object.is(a, b);
+  86 | function relatedSameValue(a: FenceValue, b: FenceSub): boolean {
+  87 |   return Object.is(a, b);
      |          ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-  98 | }
+  88 | }
 
   hint: narrow first: check a discriminant field, or compare with '!== undefined'/'!== null' for unit arms

tests/harness/__snapshots__/tuples.ts.txt

@@ -12,14 +12,14 @@ tuples.ts:12:6 - error SC1090: tuple indexing with a non-literal index (tuples a
      |      ^
   13 | 
 
-tuples.ts:15:7 - error SC2001: values of type '[string, (number | undefined)?]' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, read-only Date values, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
+tuples.ts:15:7 - error SC2001: values of type '[string, (number | undefined)?]' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, Dates, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
 
   14 | // Optional and rest elements have no fixed arity/shape.
   15 | const opt: [string, number?] = ["x"];
      |       ^~~
   16 | const rest: [string, ...number[]] = ["y", 1, 2];
 
-tuples.ts:16:7 - error SC2001: values of type '[string, ...number[]]' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, read-only Date values, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
+tuples.ts:16:7 - error SC2001: values of type '[string, ...number[]]' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, Dates, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
 
   15 | const opt: [string, number?] = ["x"];
   16 | const rest: [string, ...number[]] = ["y", 1, 2];

tests/harness/__snapshots__/union-clone-override-width.ts.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-union-clone-override-width.ts:8:18 - error SC2001: values of type '{ kind: "left"; left: number; payload: WiderPayload; } | { kind: "right"; right: number; payload: WiderPayload; }' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, read-only Date values, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
+union-clone-override-width.ts:8:18 - error SC2001: values of type '{ kind: "left"; left: number; payload: WiderPayload; } | { kind: "right"; right: number; payload: WiderPayload; }' cannot be compiled yet (supported: number, string, boolean, arrays, Maps, Sets, RegExp, Dates, functions, classes, records, unions of those, and 'unknown')
 
   7 |   // copy its record. The inferred spread result keeps the wider payload.
   8 |   const result = { ...source, payload };

tests/harness/corpus-costs/8020-date-setters.ts.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{ "plain": 2891, "san": 4454 }

tests/harness/corpus-costs/8021-date-coercions.ts.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{ "plain": 2589, "san": 3385 }

tests/harness/corpus-costs/8022-date-unions.ts.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{ "plain": 2786, "san": 3724 }

tests/harness/corpus-costs/8023-date-clone-throw.ts.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{ "plain": 2847, "san": 33492 }

tests/harness/corpus-costs/8024-date-setters-dynamic.mjs.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{ "plain": 2645, "san": 3529 }

tests/harness/corpus-costs/8025-date-subclass-setters.ts.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{ "plain": 2383, "san": 3249 }

tests/harness/corpus-costs/8026-date-subclass-setters-dynamic.mjs.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{ "plain": 2483, "san": 3294 }