feat(plugins): support image catalogs and persistent application overlays (#13646)

## Thinking Path

> - Paperclip is the open source app people use to manage AI agents for
work.
> - Plugins extend the application without adding each integration to
Core.
> - A downstream image needs a way to supply prebuilt plugins.
> - Some plugin UI must stay mounted as users move between pages.
> - This change adds an image catalog and a persistent application slot.
> - Operators can upgrade or remove these plugins through their image
and configuration.

## Linked Issues or Issue Description

**Subsystem affected**

Plugin packaging, activation and application UI.

**Problem or motivation**

The built-in plugin catalog is fixed in Core source. Downstream images
cannot add entries through an explicit catalog. Existing page slots also
cannot preserve a small application overlay across route changes.

**Proposed solution**

Read a bounded catalog of prebuilt plugins from the image. Verify its
files before importing manifests. Use the existing managed selection and
plugin lifecycle. Add an `appShellOverlay` slot with account and company
cleanup.

**Alternatives considered**

A downstream fork adds merge work. Script injection provides no plugin
lifecycle. A separate runtime download system adds a second distribution
channel.

**Roadmap alignment**

This extends the existing plugin system. Related PR #9006 covers runtime
install replication; this change covers immutable image contents. PR
#12555 covers CLI scaffolding. Neither provides this catalog or
application slot. The maintainer requested this work directly.

## What Changed

- Validate catalog identities, confined paths, package versions and
bundle hashes before importing code.
- Apply image selection to persisted plugin installs, including removal
and rollback. Adopt the verified image path from existing npm/local
installs and bind runtime worker/UI entrypoints to verified package
declarations.
- Mount application overlays in both UI shells. Preserve route state and
clear it on account, company and onboarding changes.
- Restrict service-worker offline storage/fallback to hashed public
assets in a separate cache namespace; exclude application HTML and
extension/API data, including after worker restart.
- Document the packaging contract, trust model and rollback
requirements.

## Verification

- Passed `pnpm -r typecheck`, `pnpm build`, and `pnpm
check:token-gates`. Affected server/UI typechecks and builds, plus token
gates, passed again after rebasing onto current master; the 124 focused
tests also passed after rebase.
- Latest focused verification: 124 tests in nine files passed for
catalog/reconciliation/loader, overlay lifecycle, Layout and
service-worker policy. The broader UI/shared/SDK run passed 7,204 tests
in 690 files with canonical `TMPDIR`.
- Real disposable Core/PostgreSQL: catalog install, selection removal,
0.1.0→0.1.1→0.1.0, same-version npm/legacy-path adoption, and
preservation of disabled status passed. Added permissions entered
`upgrade_pending`, withheld UI across restart, and activated only after
explicit operator enable.
- Real Chromium: desktop/mobile layout, route draft retention and
Escape/focus passed with mocked extension responses. A persistent
browser restart retained public hashed-asset offline fallback while
refusing seeded legacy/current private entries and legacy HTML.
- Full `pnpm test:run`: 12,539 passed; 17 failed across six existing
files, stopping later phases. macOS read-only directory renames fail in
runtime-skill-cache and company-skills-service; email tests require an
absent local AgentMail fixture. Native runner/comment-redaction passed
in isolation after temporary Rust setup; agent-conversations also passed
in isolation. No unrelated source was changed to hide failures.
- After rebase, two unchanged chat timing tests failed in CI and passed
locally in isolation. Their CI shard passed on its single retry. All
other current-head CI jobs passed on the initial run; review is 5/5 with
no unresolved threads.
- No live deployment or external plugin service was used.

## Risks

- Plugins are trusted code. The catalog detects packaging errors; it
does not authenticate an untrusted image builder.
- Invalid catalogs fail startup. Images must contain the catalog and
bundles together, with stable directories.
- A host older than this contract lacks the activation guard. Disable
added plugins and remove their configuration keys before reverting to
it.
- Offline navigation now returns 503 instead of replaying cached
application HTML. Only public build assets have offline fallback.
- Rolling back an unapproved permission change retains the approval
gate; review the current manifest and explicitly enable it. A reduced
permission set cannot establish prior approval or prior enabled status.
- Plugin data migrations need their own rollback policy. This change
retains installed records and does not reverse migrations.

## Model Used

- OpenAI GPT-6 (Codex), model ID `gpt-6`, with repository inspection,
code execution and browser verification. The runtime does not expose an
exact context-window size.

## Checklist

- [x] I have included a thinking path that traces from project context
to this change
- [x] I have specified the model used (with version and capability
details)
- [x] I have checked ROADMAP.md and confirmed this PR does not duplicate
planned core work
- [x] I have searched GitHub for duplicate or related PRs and linked
them above
- [x] I have either (a) linked existing issues with `Fixes: #` / `Closes
#` / `Refs #` OR (b) described the issue in-PR following the relevant
issue template
- [x] I have not referenced internal/instance-local Paperclip issues or
links (only public GitHub `#NNN` / `github.com/paperclipai/paperclip`
URLs)
- [x] My branch name describes the change (e.g. `docs/...`, `fix/...`)
and contains no internal Paperclip ticket id or instance-derived details
- [x] I have run tests locally and they pass (relevant suites; broad
macOS server-run exceptions are documented above)
- [x] I have added or updated tests where applicable
- [x] I have updated relevant documentation to reflect my changes
- [x] I have considered and documented any risks above
- [x] All Paperclip CI gates are green (fresh run on 488b3754ae; chat
shard passed its single retry)
- [x] Greptile is 5/5 with no open P2s, recommendations, or follow-ups
(fresh review on 488b3754ae)
- [x] I will address all Greptile and reviewer comments before
requesting merge

---------

Co-authored-by: Paperclip <noreply@paperclip.ing>

doc/plugins/DISTRIBUTION-PLUGINS.md

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+# Plugins supplied by an application distribution
+
+A downstream image can add prebuilt plugins without changing Paperclip's
+built-in catalog. The operator owns the image and trusts its plugin code.
+This is packaging and activation policy, not a sandbox or entitlement system.
+Ordinary self-hosted images need no catalog and keep their existing behavior.
+
+## Image layout
+
+Use `distribution/catalog.json` beneath `PAPERCLIP_BUNDLED_PLUGIN_ROOT`
+(default `/app/packages/plugins`). Each plugin has a stable directory below
+`distribution/`, containing its `package.json`, compiled manifest, worker and
+optional UI. Bundle runtime dependencies; startup never installs them.
+
+```json
+{
+  "schemaVersion": 1,
+  "plugins": [{
+    "key": "example-extension",
+    "pluginKey": "example.extension",
+    "version": "1.0.0",
+    "directory": "example-extension",
+    "digest": "sha256:<64 lowercase hex characters>"
+  }]
+}
+```
+
+The digest covers a sorted depth-first file inventory. Each entry is
+`[relativePosixPath, "sha256:" + sha256(fileBytes), permissionBits & 0777]`.
+Hash the UTF-8 JSON serialization of the inventory and prefix it with
+`sha256:`. The server's `distributionBundleDigest` implements this contract.
+There are no symbolic links or special files. A bundle is limited to 10,000
+files, 256 MiB and 32 directory levels. Catalog keys, plugin IDs and directory
+names must be unique; a distribution cannot replace a built-in key or ID.
+
+On startup, the host validates the catalog, hashes the bundle before importing
+its executable manifest, and validates package version and confined prebuilt
+entrypoints. Malformed catalogs and integrity failures stop startup. Deploy
+the catalog and bundles atomically as part of the image; keep them read-only
+in operation. This detects packaging errors but does not authenticate an
+untrusted image builder. Image provenance and signatures remain deployment
+responsibilities.
+
+## Selection, upgrades and rollback
+
+Managed instances select a distribution key through the existing
+`plugins.autoInstall` list. Existing install, capability validation, API
+compatibility, worker and health mechanisms apply. A worker or install failure
+is recorded as a plugin error without taking down the application.
+
+The catalog alone does not auto-enable plugins on self-hosted instances.
+Operators can explicitly install catalog entries through the normal plugin
+CLI. The package's manifest ID and version must match the catalog.
+The manifest's worker and optional UI entrypoints must match the verified
+`package.json` declarations and stay inside the bundle.
+
+At boot, selected distribution entries adopt the current image's package path
+even when a previous npm or local install has the same version. Reconciliation
+keeps the registry ID, configuration and stored state. With unchanged permissions,
+operator-disabled status is retained. A replacement that adds capabilities is
+saved atomically in `upgrade_pending`, even for same-version bundles. It cannot
+activate until an operator reviews the manifest and enables it through the normal
+plugin lifecycle. Invalid capability declarations are rejected before persistence.
+Runtime refreshes also reject unapproved capability additions before starting code.
+Rolling back an unapproved replacement refreshes the displayed manifest but
+retains `upgrade_pending`. Review the rollback manifest and explicitly enable it
+to resume. A smaller capability set alone cannot prove prior approval: it may
+retain an unapproved permission, and the plugin may originally have been disabled.
+Ordinary upgrades/downgrades of an approved, ready plugin continue automatically.
+
+Keep each key's directory stable across releases. The activation guard also
+covers persisted installs: a plugin removed from the image catalog, or no
+longer selected in managed configuration, cannot activate on restart. Its
+stored image path remains the source marker if the directory disappears; package
+resolution cannot substitute an npm copy. Keep the catalog root stable as well.
+An explicit operator reinstall changes a package's source; editing database rows
+or replacing the catalog root is outside this image-selection contract. Plugin
+database records remain for rollback. Plugin data migrations must themselves
+support the intended rollback window; removing a bundle does not undo them.
+
+A deployment controller must generate `plugins.autoInstall` from the **target
+image's** catalog. A union of catalogs from different releases is insufficient:
+an older image rejects a key it does not know. Before reverting to a host
+version that predates this catalog contract, disable the distribution plugins
+and remove their keys from configuration. Such older hosts do not have the
+new activation guard.
+
+## Persistent application UI
+
+The `appShellOverlay` slot requires `ui.action.register`. It receives the usual
+`PluginWidgetProps` context. It mounts once in both application shells and
+survives route navigation. It is disposed when the account or selected company
+changes, during onboarding, and on sign-out. It is not mounted on login pages.
+Local-trusted mode has no login requirement: its sessionless board may mount
+overlays, but transitions to or from an account still dispose the prior state.
+
+The host positions contributions above the mobile navigation and stacks them
+at the bottom right. Each plugin owns its launcher, panel, keyboard handling,
+focus restoration, accessible labels and request cancellation. Use a bounded,
+responsive panel. This slot is not a launcher placement zone and does not
+replace modal/launcher APIs. Errors remain inside the existing plugin mount
+error boundary.
+
+UI code is trusted browser code. Host context is display context, never proof
+of server authorization. A distribution backend must independently validate
+the signed-in session and enforce company, tenant and user access rules for
+every read and mutation. Keep provider secrets out of plugin UI and manifests.
+The service worker's offline cache accepts only same-origin, hashed build assets
+under `/assets/`. It does not store or replay application HTML, extension routes
+or API data. This policy remains in effect after worker restarts and does not read
+the arbitrary-response caches created by older workers.

doc/plugins/PLUGIN_AUTHORING_GUIDE.md

@@ -368,6 +368,7 @@ Mount surfaces currently wired in the host include:
 - `taskDetailView`
 - `projectSidebarItem`
 - `globalToolbarButton`
+- `appShellOverlay` (persistent, signed-in application shell)
 - `toolbarButton`
 - `contextMenuItem`
 - `commentAnnotation`
@@ -613,3 +614,6 @@ pnpm -r typecheck
 pnpm test:run
 pnpm build
 ```
+
+For image-supplied plugins and the persistent shell lifecycle, see
+[Distribution plugins](DISTRIBUTION-PLUGINS.md).

doc/plugins/PLUGIN_SPEC.md

@@ -360,6 +360,7 @@ export interface PaperclipPluginManifestV1 {
         | "sidebarPanel"
         | "projectSidebarItem"
         | "globalToolbarButton"
+        | "appShellOverlay"
         | "toolbarButton"
         | "contextMenuItem"
         | "commentAnnotation"

packages/plugins/sdk/README.md

@@ -214,6 +214,7 @@ Slot types describe where a component mounts. Most values also exist as launcher
 | `settingsPage` | Global | — |
 | `dashboardWidget` | Global | — |
 | `globalToolbarButton` | Global | — |
+| `appShellOverlay` (slot only) | Signed-in application shell | — |
 | `detailTab` | Entity | `project`, `issue`, `agent`, `goal`, `run` |
 | `taskDetailView` | Entity | (task/issue context) |
 | `commentAnnotation` | Entity | `comment` |
@@ -1297,3 +1298,10 @@ const server = await startPluginDevServer({ rootDir: process.cwd() });
 Dev server endpoints:
 - `GET /__paperclip__/health` returns `{ ok, rootDir, uiDir }`
 - `GET /__paperclip__/events` streams `reload` SSE events on UI build changes
+
+### Persistent application shell contributions
+
+An `appShellOverlay` slot uses `ui.action.register` and the standard
+`PluginWidgetProps` context. It survives navigation and unmounts on account or
+company changes, sign-out and onboarding. Plugins own panel accessibility and
+request cleanup. See [the distribution and lifecycle contract](../../../doc/plugins/DISTRIBUTION-PLUGINS.md).

packages/shared/src/constants.ts

@@ -1482,6 +1482,7 @@ export const PLUGIN_UI_SLOT_TYPES = [
   "sidebarPanel",
   "projectSidebarItem",
   "globalToolbarButton",
+  "appShellOverlay",
   "toolbarButton",
   "contextMenuItem",
   "commentAnnotation",

server/src/__tests__/bundled-plugins.test.ts

@@ -215,12 +215,13 @@ type LooseRow = {
   version?: string;
   manifestJson?: Record<string, unknown>;
   lastError?: string | null;
+  packagePath?: string | null;
 };
 
 // Build a minimal manifest for a persisted row or a shipped bundle. The reconcile
 // step compares the bundle version with the persisted version.
 function makeManifest(pluginKey: string, version: string) {
-  return { id: pluginKey, apiVersion: 1, version } as unknown as import("@paperclipai/shared").PaperclipPluginManifestV1;
+  return { id: pluginKey, apiVersion: 1, version, capabilities: [] } as unknown as import("@paperclipai/shared").PaperclipPluginManifestV1;
 }
 
 function makeDeps(overrides?: {
@@ -402,6 +403,112 @@ describe("ensureBundledPlugins", () => {
     expect(update).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
   });
 
+  it.each([null, "/old/plugins/widget"])("adopts a selected distribution path from %s even at the same version", async (packagePath) => {
+    const localPath = path.join(CATALOG_ROOT, "distribution/widget");
+    const distribution = { key: "widget", pluginKey: "acme.widget", version: "0.1.0", directory: "widget", digest: `sha256:${"a".repeat(64)}`, localPath, entrypoints: { worker: "dist/worker.js" } };
+    for (const status of ["ready", "disabled", "error"]) {
+      const { deps, loadManifest, update, installPlugin, updateStatus } = makeDeps({
+        rows: { "acme.widget": { id: "row-widget", pluginKey: "acme.widget", status, version: "0.1.0", packagePath } },
+        // Distribution packages may declare a manifest outside dist/manifest.js.
+        bundleManifestExists: () => false,
+      });
+      const manifest = makeManifest("acme.widget", "0.1.0");
+      loadManifest.mockResolvedValue(manifest);
+      await ensureBundledPlugins([{ ...distribution, distribution }], deps, { reinstallUninstalled: true });
+      // Same row: retain config/state and operator-disabled status; only error
+      // gets the existing one-shot boot retry. No reinstall/capability reset.
+      expect(update).toHaveBeenCalledExactlyOnceWith("row-widget", { packagePath: localPath, version: "0.1.0", manifest });
+      expect(installPlugin).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(updateStatus).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(status === "error" ? 1 : 0);
+      expect(loadManifest).toHaveBeenCalledExactlyOnceWith(localPath);
+      expect(deps.logger.error).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("does not rebind a distribution install whose new manifest fails validation", async () => {
+    const localPath = path.join(CATALOG_ROOT, "distribution/widget");
+    const distribution = { key: "widget", pluginKey: "acme.widget", version: "0.1.0", directory: "widget", digest: `sha256:${"a".repeat(64)}`, localPath, entrypoints: { worker: "dist/worker.js" } };
+    const { deps, loadManifest, update, updateStatus } = makeDeps({
+      rows: { "acme.widget": { id: "row-widget", pluginKey: "acme.widget", status: "error", packagePath: "/old/widget" } },
+    });
+    loadManifest.mockRejectedValue(new Error("Distribution manifest entrypoints do not match the verified package"));
+    await ensureBundledPlugins([{ ...distribution, distribution }], deps, { reinstallUninstalled: true });
+    expect(update).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(updateStatus).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(deps.logger.error).toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it.each(["ready", "error", "disabled"])("gates same-version distribution capability additions from %s atomically", async (status) => {
+    const localPath = path.join(CATALOG_ROOT, "distribution/widget");
+    const distribution = { key: "widget", pluginKey: "acme.widget", version: "0.1.0", directory: "widget", digest: `sha256:${"a".repeat(64)}`, localPath, entrypoints: { worker: "dist/worker.js" } };
+    const oldManifest = makeManifest("acme.widget", "0.1.0");
+    const { deps, loadManifest, update, updateStatus, installPlugin } = makeDeps({
+      rows: { "acme.widget": { id: "row-widget", pluginKey: "acme.widget", status, packagePath: localPath, manifestJson: { ...oldManifest } } },
+    });
+    const replacement = { ...oldManifest, capabilities: ["issues.read" as const] };
+    loadManifest.mockResolvedValue(replacement);
+    await ensureBundledPlugins([{ ...distribution, distribution }], deps, { reinstallUninstalled: true });
+    expect(update).toHaveBeenCalledExactlyOnceWith("row-widget", { version: "0.1.0", manifest: replacement, status: "upgrade_pending" });
+    expect(updateStatus).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(installPlugin).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(deps.lifecycle.load).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+
+    // A later boot must leave the approval gate in place.
+    vi.mocked(deps.registry.getByKey).mockResolvedValue({ id: "row-widget", pluginKey: "acme.widget", status: "upgrade_pending", version: "0.1.0", packagePath: localPath, manifestJson: replacement });
+    await ensureBundledPlugins([{ ...distribution, distribution }], deps, { reinstallUninstalled: true });
+    expect(update).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    expect(updateStatus).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it("does not save an inconsistent distribution manifest", async () => {
+    const localPath = path.join(CATALOG_ROOT, "distribution/widget");
+    const distribution = { key: "widget", pluginKey: "acme.widget", version: "0.1.0", directory: "widget", digest: `sha256:${"a".repeat(64)}`, localPath, entrypoints: { worker: "dist/worker.js" } };
+    const { deps, loadManifest, update } = makeDeps({ rows: { "acme.widget": { id: "row-widget", pluginKey: "acme.widget", status: "ready", packagePath: localPath } } });
+    const manifest = makeManifest("acme.widget", "0.1.0");
+    manifest.ui = { slots: [{ type: "appShellOverlay", id: "overlay", displayName: "Overlay", exportName: "Overlay" }] };
+    loadManifest.mockResolvedValue(manifest);
+    await ensureBundledPlugins([{ ...distribution, distribution }], deps, { reinstallUninstalled: true });
+    expect(update).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(deps.logger.error).toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it("does not replace an operator uninstall with a distribution approval request", async () => {
+    const localPath = path.join(CATALOG_ROOT, "distribution/widget");
+    const distribution = { key: "widget", pluginKey: "acme.widget", version: "0.1.0", directory: "widget", digest: `sha256:${"a".repeat(64)}`, localPath, entrypoints: { worker: "dist/worker.js" } };
+    const { deps, loadManifest, update, updateStatus, installPlugin } = makeDeps({ rows: { "acme.widget": { id: "row-widget", pluginKey: "acme.widget", status: "uninstalled" } } });
+    loadManifest.mockResolvedValue({ ...makeManifest("acme.widget", "0.1.0"), capabilities: ["issues.read"] });
+    await ensureBundledPlugins([{ ...distribution, distribution }], deps, { reinstallUninstalled: false });
+    expect(update).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(updateStatus).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(installPlugin).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it("refreshes a same-version rollback while retaining the pending operator decision", async () => {
+    const localPath = path.join(CATALOG_ROOT, "distribution/widget");
+    const distribution = { key: "widget", pluginKey: "acme.widget", version: "0.1.0", directory: "widget", digest: `sha256:${"a".repeat(64)}`, localPath, entrypoints: { worker: "dist/worker.js" } };
+    const pending = { ...makeManifest("acme.widget", "0.1.0"), capabilities: ["issues.read", "issues.update"] };
+    const { deps, loadManifest, update, updateStatus } = makeDeps({ rows: { "acme.widget": { id: "row-widget", pluginKey: "acme.widget", status: "upgrade_pending", packagePath: localPath, manifestJson: pending } } });
+    // A smaller capability set is not proof that every remaining capability
+    // was approved, or that the plugin was enabled before the pending upgrade.
+    const rollback = { ...makeManifest("acme.widget", "0.1.0"), capabilities: ["issues.read" as const] };
+    loadManifest.mockResolvedValue(rollback);
+    await ensureBundledPlugins([{ ...distribution, distribution }], deps, { reinstallUninstalled: true });
+    expect(update).toHaveBeenCalledExactlyOnceWith("row-widget", { version: "0.1.0", manifest: rollback });
+    expect(updateStatus).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(deps.lifecycle.load).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it("ignores object key order when comparing a distribution manifest read from JSONB", async () => {
+    const localPath = path.join(CATALOG_ROOT, "distribution/widget");
+    const distribution = { key: "widget", pluginKey: "acme.widget", version: "0.1.0", directory: "widget", digest: `sha256:${"a".repeat(64)}`, localPath, entrypoints: { worker: "dist/worker.js" } };
+    const manifest = { ...makeManifest("acme.widget", "0.1.0"), entrypoints: { worker: "dist/worker.js", ui: "dist/ui" } };
+    const reordered = { entrypoints: { ui: "dist/ui", worker: "dist/worker.js" }, capabilities: [], version: "0.1.0", apiVersion: 1, id: "acme.widget" };
+    const { deps, loadManifest, update } = makeDeps({ rows: { "acme.widget": { id: "row-widget", pluginKey: "acme.widget", status: "ready", packagePath: localPath, manifestJson: reordered } } });
+    loadManifest.mockResolvedValue(manifest);
+    await ensureBundledPlugins([{ ...distribution, distribution }], deps, { reinstallUninstalled: true });
+    expect(update).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
   it("swallows a reconcile error and continues boot", async () => {
     const { deps, update } = makeDeps({
       rows: {

server/src/__tests__/distribution-plugin-catalog.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+import { mkdtempSync, mkdirSync, rmSync, writeFileSync, symlinkSync, realpathSync } from "node:fs";
+import os from "node:os";
+import path from "node:path";
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import type { PaperclipPluginManifestV1 } from "@paperclipai/shared";
+import { distributionBundleDigest, distributionPluginActivationGuard, readDistributionPluginCatalog } from "../services/distribution-plugin-catalog.js";
+import { BUNDLED_PLUGIN_CATALOG, resolveBundledPluginInstalls } from "../services/bundled-plugins.js";
+
+const roots: string[] = [];
+afterEach(() => { for (const root of roots.splice(0)) rmSync(root, { recursive: true, force: true }); });
+function fixture() {
+  const root = realpathSync(mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "distribution-plugin-"))); roots.push(root);
+  const localPath = path.join(root, "distribution", "acme.widget");
+  mkdirSync(path.join(localPath, "dist", "ui"), { recursive: true });
+  writeFileSync(path.join(localPath, "package.json"), JSON.stringify({ name: "@acme/plugin-widget", version: "1.0.0", paperclipPlugin: { manifest: "./dist/manifest.js", worker: "./dist/worker.js", ui: "./dist/ui/" } }));
+  writeFileSync(path.join(localPath, "dist", "manifest.js"), "export default {};");
+  writeFileSync(path.join(localPath, "dist", "worker.js"), "export default {};");
+  const entry = { key: "acme.widget", pluginKey: "acme.widget", version: "1.0.0", directory: "acme.widget", digest: distributionBundleDigest(localPath) };
+  const save = (plugins: unknown[] = [entry]) => writeFileSync(path.join(root, "distribution", "catalog.json"), JSON.stringify({ schemaVersion: 1, plugins }));
+  save(); return { root, localPath, entry, save };
+}
+describe("image-owned plugin catalogs", () => {
+  it("preserves images without a distribution catalog", () => {
+    expect(readDistributionPluginCatalog("/nonexistent/catalog", BUNDLED_PLUGIN_CATALOG)).toEqual([]);
+  });
+  it("resolves selected private bundles alongside built-ins after verifying their bytes", () => {
+    const { root, localPath } = fixture();
+    const installs = resolveBundledPluginInstalls(["daytona", "acme.widget"], { catalogRoot: root, env: {}, enforceCatalogRoot: true });
+    expect(installs.map(({ key }) => key)).toEqual(["daytona", "acme.widget"]);
+    expect(installs[1]?.localPath).toBe(localPath);
+  });
+  it("rejects tampered bundle bytes before importing manifest code", () => {
+    const { root, localPath } = fixture();
+    writeFileSync(path.join(localPath, "dist", "manifest.js"), "throw new Error('must never execute');");
+    expect(() => readDistributionPluginCatalog(root, BUNDLED_PLUGIN_CATALOG)).toThrow(/digest mismatch/);
+  });
+  it("rejects duplicate keys, plugin identities and built-in replacement", () => {
+    const { root, entry, save } = fixture();
+    for (const plugins of [[entry, entry], [{ ...entry, key: "daytona" }], [{ ...entry, pluginKey: "paperclip.daytona-sandbox-provider" }]]) {
+      save(plugins);
+      expect(() => readDistributionPluginCatalog(root, BUNDLED_PLUGIN_CATALOG)).toThrow(/Duplicate or built-in/);
+    }
+  });
+  it("rejects traversal, symlinked artifacts and unbuilt entrypoints", () => {
+    const { root, entry, localPath, save } = fixture();
+    save([{ ...entry, directory: "../elsewhere" }]);
+    expect(() => readDistributionPluginCatalog(root, BUNDLED_PLUGIN_CATALOG)).toThrow();
+    save(); symlinkSync(os.tmpdir(), path.join(localPath, "outside"));
+    expect(() => readDistributionPluginCatalog(root, BUNDLED_PLUGIN_CATALOG)).toThrow(/symlinks/);
+    rmSync(path.join(localPath, "outside")); rmSync(path.join(localPath, "dist", "worker.js"));
+    save([{ ...entry, digest: distributionBundleDigest(localPath) }]);
+    expect(() => readDistributionPluginCatalog(root, BUNDLED_PLUGIN_CATALOG)).toThrow();
+  });
+  it("blocks a persisted plugin after deselection/removal while preserving ordinary plugins", () => {
+    const { root, localPath } = fixture();
+    const entries = readDistributionPluginCatalog(root, BUNDLED_PLUGIN_CATALOG);
+    const input = { pluginKey: "acme.widget", packageRoot: localPath };
+    expect(() => distributionPluginActivationGuard(root, entries, ["acme.widget"])(input)).not.toThrow();
+    expect(() => distributionPluginActivationGuard(root, entries, ["acme.widget"])({ packageRoot: localPath })).not.toThrow();
+    expect(() => distributionPluginActivationGuard(root, entries, [])({ packageRoot: localPath })).toThrow(/not selected/);
+    expect(() => distributionPluginActivationGuard(root, entries, [])(input)).toThrow(/not selected/);
+    expect(() => distributionPluginActivationGuard(root, [], [])(input)).toThrow(/absent/);
+    expect(() => distributionPluginActivationGuard(root, [], [])({ ...input, packageRoot: path.join(root, "node_modules/acme"), installedPackagePath: localPath })).toThrow(/absent/);
+    expect(() => distributionPluginActivationGuard(root, [], [])({ pluginKey: "ordinary.plugin", packageRoot: path.join(root, "ordinary") })).not.toThrow();
+  });
+  it("rejects dangling catalog symlinks instead of treating them as absent", () => {
+    const { root } = fixture();
+    const file = path.join(root, "distribution", "catalog.json");
+    rmSync(file); symlinkSync(path.join(root, "missing"), file);
+    expect(() => readDistributionPluginCatalog(root, BUNDLED_PLUGIN_CATALOG)).toThrow(/Invalid distribution catalog/);
+  });
+  it("requires catalog identity and version before activating imported manifests", () => {
+    const { root, localPath } = fixture();
+    const entries = readDistributionPluginCatalog(root, BUNDLED_PLUGIN_CATALOG);
+    const guard = distributionPluginActivationGuard(root, entries, ["acme.widget"]);
+    for (const manifest of [{ id: "other.plugin", version: "1.0.0" }, { id: "acme.widget", version: "2.0.0" }]) {
+      expect(() => guard({ pluginKey: "acme.widget", packageRoot: localPath, manifest: manifest as PaperclipPluginManifestV1 })).toThrow(/identity\/version/);
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("binds runtime worker and UI entrypoints to the digest-verified package declarations", () => {
+    const { root, localPath } = fixture();
+    const entries = readDistributionPluginCatalog(root, BUNDLED_PLUGIN_CATALOG);
+    const guard = distributionPluginActivationGuard(root, entries, ["acme.widget"]);
+    const manifest = { id: "acme.widget", version: "1.0.0", capabilities: [], entrypoints: { worker: "dist/worker.js", ui: "./dist/ui" } } as unknown as PaperclipPluginManifestV1;
+    expect(() => guard({ packageRoot: localPath, manifest })).not.toThrow();
+    for (const name of ["worker", "ui"] as const) {
+      for (const value of ["/outside/worker.js", "../outside", "dist/../worker.js", "C:/outside", "dist\\worker.js", "dist/other", "", undefined]) {
+        const invalid = { ...manifest, entrypoints: { ...manifest.entrypoints, [name]: value } } as PaperclipPluginManifestV1;
+        expect(() => guard({ packageRoot: localPath, manifest: invalid })).toThrow(/entrypoint/);
+      }
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("accepts worker-only bundles but rejects a UI path absent from verified metadata", () => {
+    const { root, localPath, entry, save } = fixture();
+    writeFileSync(path.join(localPath, "package.json"), JSON.stringify({ version: "1.0.0", paperclipPlugin: { manifest: "./dist/manifest.js", worker: "./dist/worker.js" } }));
+    save([{ ...entry, digest: distributionBundleDigest(localPath) }]);
+    const guard = distributionPluginActivationGuard(root, readDistributionPluginCatalog(root, BUNDLED_PLUGIN_CATALOG), null);
+    const manifest = { id: "acme.widget", version: "1.0.0", capabilities: [], entrypoints: { worker: "./dist/worker.js" } } as unknown as PaperclipPluginManifestV1;
+    expect(() => guard({ packageRoot: localPath, manifest })).not.toThrow();
+    manifest.entrypoints.ui = "./dist/ui";
+    expect(() => guard({ packageRoot: localPath, manifest })).toThrow(/verified package/);
+  });
+
+  it("rejects inconsistent capabilities and unapproved runtime refreshes", () => {
+    const { root, localPath } = fixture();
+    const guard = distributionPluginActivationGuard(root, readDistributionPluginCatalog(root, BUNDLED_PLUGIN_CATALOG), null);
+    const previousManifest = { id: "acme.widget", version: "1.0.0", capabilities: [], entrypoints: { worker: "./dist/worker.js", ui: "./dist/ui" } } as unknown as PaperclipPluginManifestV1;
+    const manifest = { ...previousManifest, capabilities: ["issues.read" as const] };
+    expect(() => guard({ packageRoot: localPath, manifest, previousManifest })).toThrow(/require approval/);
+    expect(() => guard({ packageRoot: localPath, manifest, previousManifest: manifest })).not.toThrow();
+    previousManifest.ui = { slots: [{ type: "appShellOverlay", id: "overlay", displayName: "Overlay", exportName: "Overlay" }] };
+    expect(() => guard({ packageRoot: localPath, manifest: previousManifest })).toThrow(/missing required capabilities: ui.action.register/);
+  });
+});

server/src/__tests__/plugin-loader-error-retry.test.ts

@@ -12,6 +12,10 @@
  */
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import type { Db } from "@paperclipai/db";
+import { mkdtempSync, mkdirSync, writeFileSync, rmSync, realpathSync } from "node:fs";
+import os from "node:os";
+import path from "node:path";
+import { distributionBundleDigest, distributionPluginActivationGuard, readDistributionPluginCatalog } from "../services/distribution-plugin-catalog.js";
 
 const mockRegistry = vi.hoisted(() => ({
   getById: vi.fn(),
@@ -148,4 +152,59 @@ describe("pluginLoader.loadAll error retry", () => {
 
     expect(result).toEqual({ total: 0, succeeded: 0, failed: 0, results: [] });
   });
+
+  it("rejects distribution capability escalation before saving a runtime refresh or starting a worker", async () => {
+    const root = realpathSync(mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "distribution-refresh-")));
+    try {
+      const packageRoot = path.join(root, "distribution", "example");
+      mkdirSync(path.join(packageRoot, "dist"), { recursive: true });
+      const plugin = createPluginRecord({ status: "ready", packagePath: packageRoot });
+      const replacement = { ...plugin.manifestJson, categories: ["ui"], capabilities: ["issues.read"] };
+      writeFileSync(path.join(packageRoot, "package.json"), JSON.stringify({ name: plugin.packageName, version: "1.0.0", type: "module", paperclipPlugin: { manifest: "dist/manifest.js", worker: "dist/worker.js" } }));
+      writeFileSync(path.join(packageRoot, "dist/manifest.js"), `export default ${JSON.stringify(replacement)};`);
+      writeFileSync(path.join(packageRoot, "dist/worker.js"), "throw new Error('unapproved worker must not start');");
+      writeFileSync(path.join(root, "distribution/catalog.json"), JSON.stringify({ schemaVersion: 1, plugins: [{ key: "example", pluginKey: plugin.pluginKey, version: "1.0.0", directory: "example", digest: distributionBundleDigest(packageRoot) }] }));
+      const runtime = createRuntimeServices();
+      const startWorker = vi.fn();
+      runtime.workerManager.startWorker = startWorker;
+      mockRegistry.getById.mockResolvedValue(plugin);
+      const loader = pluginLoader({} as Db, {
+        localPluginDir: root,
+        assertPackageActivation: distributionPluginActivationGuard(root, readDistributionPluginCatalog(root, []), ["example"]),
+      }, runtime);
+      const result = await loader.loadSingle(plugin.id);
+      expect(result.success).toBe(false);
+      expect(result.error).toContain("capabilities require approval: issues.read");
+      expect(mockRegistry.update).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(startWorker).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    } finally {
+      rmSync(root, { recursive: true, force: true });
+    }
+  });
+
+  it("does not import an npm fallback for a removed distribution install", async () => {
+    const root = realpathSync(mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "distribution-removal-")));
+    try {
+      const packageRoot = path.join(root, "node_modules/@example/broken-plugin");
+      mkdirSync(packageRoot, { recursive: true });
+      const plugin = createPluginRecord({ status: "ready", packagePath: path.join(root, "distribution/removed") });
+      writeFileSync(path.join(packageRoot, "package.json"), JSON.stringify({ name: plugin.packageName, type: "module", paperclipPlugin: { manifest: "manifest.js" } }));
+      writeFileSync(path.join(packageRoot, "manifest.js"), "throw new Error('fallback manifest must never import');");
+      const runtime = createRuntimeServices();
+      const startWorker = vi.fn();
+      runtime.workerManager.startWorker = startWorker;
+      mockRegistry.getById.mockResolvedValue(plugin);
+      const loader = pluginLoader({} as Db, {
+        localPluginDir: root,
+        assertPackageActivation: distributionPluginActivationGuard(root, [], []),
+      }, runtime);
+      const result = await loader.loadSingle(plugin.id);
+      expect(result.success).toBe(false);
+      expect(result.error).toContain("Distribution plugin is absent or not selected");
+      expect(mockRegistry.update).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(startWorker).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    } finally {
+      rmSync(root, { recursive: true, force: true });
+    }
+  });
 });

server/src/app.ts

@@ -132,10 +132,12 @@ import {
 } from "./services/plugin-loader.js";
 import {
   SELF_HOSTED_AUTO_INSTALL_KEYS,
+  BUNDLED_PLUGIN_CATALOG,
   ensureBundledPlugins,
   resolveBundledCatalogRoot,
   resolveBundledPluginInstalls,
 } from "./services/bundled-plugins.js";
+import { readDistributionPluginCatalog, distributionPluginActivationGuard } from "./services/distribution-plugin-catalog.js";
 import {
   createPluginWorkerManager,
   type PluginWorkerManager,
@@ -596,12 +598,14 @@ export async function createApp(
   const managedAutoInstallKeys = opts.managedPluginAutoInstall ?? null;
   const bundledCatalogRoot =
     opts.bundledPluginCatalogRoot ?? resolveBundledCatalogRoot(process.env);
+  const distributionPlugins = readDistributionPluginCatalog(bundledCatalogRoot, BUNDLED_PLUGIN_CATALOG);
   const bundledPluginInstalls = resolveBundledPluginInstalls(
     managedAutoInstallKeys ?? SELF_HOSTED_AUTO_INSTALL_KEYS,
     {
       catalogRoot: bundledCatalogRoot,
       env: process.env,
       enforceCatalogRoot: managedAutoInstallKeys !== null,
+      distributionPlugins,
     },
   );
   const managedBundledPluginKeys =
@@ -869,6 +873,7 @@ export async function createApp(
     {
       localPluginDir: opts.localPluginDir ?? DEFAULT_LOCAL_PLUGIN_DIR,
       migrationDb: opts.pluginMigrationDb,
+      assertPackageActivation: distributionPluginActivationGuard(bundledCatalogRoot, distributionPlugins, managedAutoInstallKeys),
     },
     {
       workerManager,
@@ -1267,7 +1272,8 @@ export async function createApp(
     { registry: pluginRegistry, loader, lifecycle, logger },
     // Managed mode reinstalls soft-uninstalled bundles (the control plane
     // owns provisioning); self-hosted leaves an operator's uninstall alone.
-    // Operator-DISABLED plugins are never touched in either mode.
+    // Disabled plugins never start automatically. Added distribution permissions
+    // still enter upgrade_pending so enabling them requires an operator decision.
     { reinstallUninstalled: managedAutoInstallKeys !== null },
   )
     .then(() => loader.loadAll())

server/src/services/bundled-plugins.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 import path from "node:path";
 import fs from "node:fs";
+import { isDeepStrictEqual } from "node:util";
 import type { PaperclipPluginManifestV1 } from "@paperclipai/shared";
+import { assertDistributionManifestCapabilities, readDistributionPluginCatalog, type DistributionPlugin } from "./distribution-plugin-catalog.js";
 
 /**
  * Bundled plugin auto-provisioning.
@@ -123,6 +125,8 @@ export interface ResolvedBundledPlugin {
   pluginKey: string;
   /** Absolute path handed to `loader.installPlugin({ localPath })`. */
   localPath: string;
+  /** Image-owned entries require exact manifest identity/version matching. */
+  distribution?: DistributionPlugin;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -161,16 +165,23 @@ export function resolveBundledPluginInstalls(
     catalogRoot: string;
     env: Record<string, string | undefined>;
     enforceCatalogRoot: boolean;
+    distributionPlugins?: readonly DistributionPlugin[];
   },
 ): ResolvedBundledPlugin[] {
   const resolved: ResolvedBundledPlugin[] = [];
   const seen = new Set<string>();
   const canonicalRoot = canonicalize(opts.catalogRoot);
+  const distributionPlugins = opts.distributionPlugins ?? readDistributionPluginCatalog(opts.catalogRoot, BUNDLED_PLUGIN_CATALOG);
   for (const key of keys) {
     if (seen.has(key)) continue;
     seen.add(key);
     const entry = BUNDLED_PLUGIN_CATALOG.find((candidate) => candidate.key === key);
     if (!entry) {
+      const distribution = distributionPlugins.find((candidate) => candidate.key === key);
+      if (distribution) {
+        resolved.push({ key, pluginKey: distribution.pluginKey, localPath: distribution.localPath, distribution });
+        continue;
+      }
       const known = BUNDLED_PLUGIN_CATALOG.map((candidate) => candidate.key).join(", ");
       throw new Error(
         `bundled plugin auto-install key "${key}" is not in the bundled catalog (known keys: ${known}); refusing to start`,
@@ -198,6 +209,7 @@ interface RegistryPluginRow {
   status: string;
   version: string;
   manifestJson: PaperclipPluginManifestV1;
+  packagePath?: string | null;
   lastError?: string | null;
 }
 
@@ -206,7 +218,7 @@ export interface BundledPluginProvisionerDeps {
     getByKey(pluginKey: string): Promise<RegistryPluginRow | null>;
     update(
       id: string,
-      data: { version?: string; manifest?: PaperclipPluginManifestV1 },
+      data: { version?: string; manifest?: PaperclipPluginManifestV1; packagePath?: string; status?: "upgrade_pending" },
     ): Promise<unknown>;
     updateStatus(id: string, input: { status: "ready"; lastError: string | null }): Promise<unknown>;
   };
@@ -236,7 +248,9 @@ function defaultBundleManifestExists(localPath: string): boolean {
  * Reconcile a present bundled plugin's persisted manifest with the shipped
  * bundle. The bundle is part of the release image, so its manifest is the
  * source of truth. When the bundle declares a version that differs from the
- * persisted version, update the stored manifest and version. This propagates
+ * persisted version, update the stored manifest and version. Distribution
+ * entries also adopt the image's package path, including same-version installs.
+ * This propagates
  * a manifest change (for example a new driver capability) to an existing
  * install that the auto-install path skips.
  *
@@ -249,24 +263,42 @@ async function reconcileBundledPluginManifest(
   install: ResolvedBundledPlugin,
   deps: BundledPluginProvisionerDeps,
   bundleManifestExists: (localPath: string) => boolean,
-): Promise<void> {
+  verifiedManifest?: PaperclipPluginManifestV1,
+): Promise<"upgrade_pending" | undefined> {
   try {
-    if (!bundleManifestExists(install.localPath)) return;
-    const bundleManifest = await deps.loader.loadManifest(install.localPath);
+    // Managed reinstalls take the install path instead; this branch means the
+    // operator's uninstall must be retained, including its status.
+    if (install.distribution && existing.status === "uninstalled") return;
+    if (!verifiedManifest && !bundleManifestExists(install.localPath)) return;
+    const bundleManifest = verifiedManifest ?? await deps.loader.loadManifest(install.localPath);
     if (!bundleManifest) return;
-    if (bundleManifest.version === existing.version) return;
+    let requiresApproval = false;
+    if (install.distribution) {
+      assertDistributionManifestCapabilities(bundleManifest);
+      const approved = new Set(existing.manifestJson.capabilities ?? []);
+      requiresApproval = bundleManifest.capabilities.some((capability) => !approved.has(capability));
+    }
+    const rebindPackage = install.distribution && existing.packagePath !== install.localPath && existing.status !== "uninstalled";
+    const refreshDistribution = install.distribution && !isDeepStrictEqual(bundleManifest, existing.manifestJson);
+    if (bundleManifest.version === existing.version && !rebindPackage && !requiresApproval && !refreshDistribution) return;
     await deps.registry.update(existing.id, {
       version: bundleManifest.version,
       manifest: bundleManifest,
+      ...(rebindPackage ? { packagePath: install.localPath } : {}),
+      // Persist the replacement and its approval gate in one write. A crash
+      // between separate manifest/status updates must never grant capabilities.
+      ...(requiresApproval ? { status: "upgrade_pending" as const } : {}),
     });
     deps.logger.info(
       {
         pluginKey: install.pluginKey,
         fromVersion: existing.version,
         toVersion: bundleManifest.version,
+        ...(rebindPackage ? { packagePath: install.localPath } : {}),
       },
       "reconciled bundled plugin manifest to the shipped bundle version",
     );
+    if (requiresApproval) return "upgrade_pending";
   } catch (err) {
     deps.logger.error(
       { err, pluginKey: install.pluginKey },
@@ -357,16 +389,25 @@ export async function ensureBundledPlugins(
   const bundleManifestExists = deps.bundleManifestExists ?? defaultBundleManifestExists;
   for (const install of installs) {
     try {
+      let verifiedManifest: PaperclipPluginManifestV1 | undefined;
+      if (install.distribution) {
+        const manifest = await deps.loader.loadManifest(install.localPath);
+        if (manifest?.id !== install.pluginKey || manifest.version !== install.distribution.version) {
+          throw new Error("Distribution manifest does not match its catalog identity/version");
+        }
+        verifiedManifest = manifest;
+      }
       const existing = await deps.registry.getByKey(install.pluginKey);
       if (existing && (existing.status !== "uninstalled" || !opts.reinstallUninstalled)) {
         // The bundle ships with the release image, so its manifest is the
         // source of truth for a present plugin. Reconcile the persisted
-        // manifest when the shipped bundle declares a newer version. Without
+        // manifest when the shipped bundle declares a different version. Without
         // this step a manifest capability added to a bundle never reaches an
         // existing install, because the auto-install below skips a present
-        // plugin. The reconcile updates only the stored manifest row; the
-        // running worker already runs the shipped code.
-        await reconcileBundledPluginManifest(existing, install, deps, bundleManifestExists);
+        // plugin. Distribution entries also replace a legacy/npm package path
+        // before loadAll resolves the worker. Configuration and status stay put.
+        const reconciledStatus = await reconcileBundledPluginManifest(existing, install, deps, bundleManifestExists, verifiedManifest);
+        if (reconciledStatus === "upgrade_pending") continue;
         if (existing.status === "error") {
           await reenableErroredBundledPlugin(existing, install, deps);
           continue;
@@ -379,7 +420,7 @@ export async function ensureBundledPlugins(
       }
       // Skip silently when the bundle is absent (e.g. local dev or an image
       // built without the plugin). Not an error condition.
-      if (!bundleManifestExists(install.localPath)) {
+      if (!verifiedManifest && !bundleManifestExists(install.localPath)) {
         deps.logger.info(
           { pluginKey: install.pluginKey, pluginPath: install.localPath },
           "bundled plugin bundle not present; skipping auto-install",

server/src/services/distribution-plugin-catalog.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+import fs from "node:fs";
+import path from "node:path";
+import { createHash } from "node:crypto";
+import { z } from "zod";
+import type { PaperclipPluginManifestV1 } from "@paperclipai/shared";
+import { pluginCapabilityValidator } from "./plugin-capability-validator.js";
+
+const segment = z.string().regex(/^[a-z][a-z0-9.-]{0,99}$/);
+export const distributionPluginCatalogSchema = z.object({
+  schemaVersion: z.literal(1),
+  plugins: z.array(z.object({
+    key: segment,
+    pluginKey: segment,
+    version: z.string().regex(/^\d+\.\d+\.\d+(?:-[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+)?(?:\+[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+)?$/),
+    directory: segment,
+    digest: z.string().regex(/^sha256:[a-f0-9]{64}$/),
+  }).strict()).max(100),
+}).strict();
+
+export type DistributionPlugin = z.infer<typeof distributionPluginCatalogSchema>["plugins"][number] & {
+  localPath: string;
+  /** Normalized paths from the digest-verified package metadata. */
+  entrypoints: { worker: string; ui?: string };
+};
+
+function bundleEntrypoint(declared: unknown): string {
+  const relative = typeof declared === "string" ? declared.replace(/^\.\//, "").replace(/\/$/, "") : "";
+  if (!relative || path.posix.isAbsolute(relative) || path.win32.isAbsolute(relative) || relative.includes("\\") || relative.split("/").some((part) => !part || part === "." || part === "..")) {
+    throw new Error("Distribution entrypoint must stay inside its bundle");
+  }
+  return relative;
+}
+
+export function assertDistributionManifestCapabilities(manifest: PaperclipPluginManifestV1): void {
+  const result = pluginCapabilityValidator().validateManifestCapabilities(manifest);
+  if (!result.allowed) {
+    throw new Error(`Distribution manifest is missing required capabilities: ${result.missing.join(", ")}`);
+  }
+}
+
+export function distributionPluginsRoot(catalogRoot: string): string {
+  // Match canonical paths persisted by local-path installs (for example,
+  // macOS /tmp -> /private/tmp), without permitting a symlinked catalog itself.
+  try { return path.join(fs.realpathSync(catalogRoot), "distribution"); }
+  catch (error) {
+    if ((error as NodeJS.ErrnoException).code !== "ENOENT") throw error;
+    return path.resolve(catalogRoot, "distribution");
+  }
+}
+
+/** Guard all activation paths, including persisted installs after a rollback. */
+export function distributionPluginActivationGuard(
+  catalogRoot: string,
+  entries: readonly DistributionPlugin[],
+  selectedKeys: readonly string[] | null,
+) {
+  const root = distributionPluginsRoot(catalogRoot);
+  return (input: { pluginKey?: string; packageRoot: string; installedPackagePath?: string | null; manifest?: PaperclipPluginManifestV1; previousManifest?: PaperclipPluginManifestV1 }) => {
+    let packageRoot: string;
+    try { packageRoot = fs.realpathSync(input.packageRoot); }
+    catch (error) {
+      if ((error as NodeJS.ErrnoException).code !== "ENOENT") throw error;
+      packageRoot = path.resolve(input.packageRoot);
+    }
+    const entry = entries.find((candidate) => input.pluginKey ? candidate.pluginKey === input.pluginKey : candidate.localPath === packageRoot);
+    const relative = path.relative(root, packageRoot);
+    const inside = relative === "" || (!relative.startsWith("..") && !path.isAbsolute(relative));
+    // A missing image directory can make package resolution fall back to npm.
+    // Retain the persisted image-path provenance even when that directory no
+    // longer exists; the resolved fallback is not an ordinary installation.
+    const installedRelative = input.installedPackagePath ? path.relative(root, path.resolve(input.installedPackagePath)) : null;
+    const installedInside = installedRelative !== null && (installedRelative === "" || (!installedRelative.startsWith("..") && !path.isAbsolute(installedRelative)));
+    if (!inside && !installedInside && !entry) return;
+    if (!entry || (selectedKeys !== null && !selectedKeys.includes(entry.key)) || packageRoot !== entry.localPath) {
+      throw new Error("Distribution plugin is absent or not selected in this deployment");
+    }
+    if (input.manifest && (input.manifest.id !== entry.pluginKey || input.manifest.version !== entry.version)) {
+      throw new Error("Distribution manifest does not match its catalog identity/version");
+    }
+    if (input.manifest) {
+      assertDistributionManifestCapabilities(input.manifest);
+      if (input.previousManifest) {
+        const approved = new Set(input.previousManifest.capabilities);
+        const added = input.manifest.capabilities.filter((capability) => !approved.has(capability));
+        if (added.length) throw new Error(`Distribution plugin capabilities require approval: ${added.join(", ")}`);
+      }
+      const worker = bundleEntrypoint(input.manifest.entrypoints.worker);
+      const ui = input.manifest.entrypoints.ui === undefined ? undefined : bundleEntrypoint(input.manifest.entrypoints.ui);
+      if (worker !== entry.entrypoints.worker || ui !== entry.entrypoints.ui) {
+        throw new Error("Distribution manifest entrypoints do not match the verified package");
+      }
+    }
+  };
+}
+
+/** Same portable file inventory used by image builders: path, SHA-256, mode. */
+export function distributionBundleDigest(root: string): string {
+  const inventory: Array<[string, string, number]> = [];
+  let bytesRead = 0;
+  const hash = (value: Buffer | string) => `sha256:${createHash("sha256").update(value).digest("hex")}`;
+  function walk(directory: string, relative = "") {
+    if (relative.split("/").length > 32) throw new Error("Distribution bundle exceeds directory depth limit");
+    for (const name of fs.readdirSync(directory).sort()) {
+      const relativePath = relative ? `${relative}/${name}` : name;
+      const file = path.join(directory, name);
+      const stat = fs.lstatSync(file);
+      if (stat.isSymbolicLink()) throw new Error("Distribution bundles cannot contain symlinks");
+      if (stat.isDirectory()) walk(file, relativePath);
+      else if (stat.isFile()) {
+        bytesRead += stat.size;
+        if (bytesRead > 256 * 1024 * 1024 || inventory.length >= 10_000) throw new Error("Distribution bundle exceeds verification limits");
+        inventory.push([relativePath, hash(fs.readFileSync(file)), stat.mode & 0o777]);
+      } else throw new Error("Distribution bundles contain only regular files and directories");
+    }
+  }
+  walk(root);
+  if (!inventory.length) throw new Error("Distribution bundle is empty");
+  return hash(JSON.stringify(inventory));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Optional, image-owned extension catalog. No URLs, executable configuration,
+ * runtime dependency installation, or replacement of a built-in entry.
+ * Validate bytes before importing any manifest code.
+ */
+export function readDistributionPluginCatalog(
+  catalogRoot: string,
+  builtins: readonly { key: string; pluginKey: string }[],
+): DistributionPlugin[] {
+  const root = distributionPluginsRoot(catalogRoot);
+  const file = path.join(root, "catalog.json");
+  const rootStat = fs.lstatSync(root, { throwIfNoEntry: false });
+  if (!rootStat) return [];
+  if (rootStat.isSymbolicLink() || !rootStat.isDirectory()) throw new Error("Distribution catalog root must be a regular directory, not a symlink");
+  const stat = fs.lstatSync(file, { throwIfNoEntry: false });
+  if (!stat) return [];
+  if (!stat.isFile() || stat.isSymbolicLink() || stat.size > 128 * 1024) throw new Error("Invalid distribution catalog file");
+  const catalog = distributionPluginCatalogSchema.parse(JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(file, "utf8")));
+  const keys = new Set(builtins.map((entry) => entry.key));
+  const pluginKeys = new Set(builtins.map((entry) => entry.pluginKey));
+  const directories = new Set<string>();
+  return catalog.plugins.map((entry) => {
+    if (keys.has(entry.key) || pluginKeys.has(entry.pluginKey) || directories.has(entry.directory)) {
+      throw new Error("Duplicate or built-in distribution plugin identity");
+    }
+    keys.add(entry.key); pluginKeys.add(entry.pluginKey); directories.add(entry.directory);
+    const localPath = path.join(root, entry.directory);
+    const info = fs.lstatSync(localPath);
+    if (!info.isDirectory() || info.isSymbolicLink()) throw new Error("Invalid distribution bundle directory");
+    if (distributionBundleDigest(localPath) !== entry.digest) throw new Error(`Distribution bundle digest mismatch: ${entry.key}`);
+    const pkg = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(path.join(localPath, "package.json"), "utf8"));
+    if (pkg.version !== entry.version || !pkg.paperclipPlugin) throw new Error("Distribution package version or entrypoints missing");
+    for (const name of ["manifest", "worker", "ui"] as const) {
+      const declared = pkg.paperclipPlugin[name];
+      if (name === "ui" && declared === undefined) continue;
+      const relative = bundleEntrypoint(declared);
+      const target = fs.statSync(path.join(localPath, relative));
+      if (name === "ui" ? !target.isDirectory() : !target.isFile()) throw new Error("Distribution entrypoint is not prebuilt");
+    }
+    return { ...entry, localPath, entrypoints: {
+      worker: bundleEntrypoint(pkg.paperclipPlugin.worker),
+      ...(pkg.paperclipPlugin.ui === undefined ? {} : { ui: bundleEntrypoint(pkg.paperclipPlugin.ui) }),
+    } };
+  });
+}

server/src/services/plugin-capability-validator.ts

@@ -163,6 +163,7 @@ const UI_SLOT_CAPABILITIES: Record<PluginUiSlotType, PluginCapability> = {
   taskDetailView: "ui.detailTab.register",
   dashboardWidget: "ui.dashboardWidget.register",
   globalToolbarButton: "ui.action.register",
+  appShellOverlay: "ui.action.register",
   toolbarButton: "ui.action.register",
   contextMenuItem: "ui.action.register",
   commentAnnotation: "ui.commentAnnotation.register",

server/src/services/plugin-install-guard.ts

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 import { realpath, stat } from "node:fs/promises";
 import path from "node:path";
 import { BUNDLED_LOCAL_PLUGIN_ROOT } from "./plugin-loader.js";
+import { BUNDLED_CATALOG_ROOT_ENV_VAR } from "./bundled-plugins.js";
 
 export { isCloudManagedInstance } from "./cloud-instance.js";
 
@@ -93,7 +94,7 @@ export async function isWithinBundledPluginRoot(
   canonicalPath: string,
   bundledRootOverride?: string,
 ): Promise<boolean> {
-  const bundledRoot = bundledRootOverride ?? BUNDLED_LOCAL_PLUGIN_ROOT;
+  const bundledRoot = bundledRootOverride ?? (process.env[BUNDLED_CATALOG_ROOT_ENV_VAR]?.trim() || BUNDLED_LOCAL_PLUGIN_ROOT);
 
   let canonicalRoot: string;
   try {

server/src/services/plugin-loader.ts

@@ -269,6 +269,16 @@ function getDeclaredPageRoutePaths(manifest: PaperclipPluginManifestV1): string[
  * Options for the plugin loader service.
  */
 export interface PluginLoaderOptions {
+  /** Image-owned deployment policy, checked before importing code and starting workers. */
+  assertPackageActivation?: (input: {
+    pluginKey?: string;
+    packageRoot: string;
+    /** Persisted source path, even when package resolution used a fallback. */
+    installedPackagePath?: string | null;
+    manifest?: PaperclipPluginManifestV1;
+    /** Persisted grants, supplied before a runtime manifest refresh is saved. */
+    previousManifest?: PaperclipPluginManifestV1;
+  }) => void;
   /**
    * Path to the local plugin directory to scan.
    * Defaults to ~/.paperclip/plugins/
@@ -1144,6 +1154,7 @@ export function pluginLoader(
     migrationDb = db,
     enableLocalFilesystem = true,
     enableNpmDiscovery = true,
+    assertPackageActivation,
   } = options;
 
   const registry = pluginRegistryService(db);
@@ -1269,6 +1280,7 @@ export function pluginLoader(
 
     // Step 3: Read and validate plugin manifest
     // Note: this.loadManifest (used via current context)
+    assertPackageActivation?.({ packageRoot: resolvedPackagePath });
     const pkgJson = await readPackageJson(resolvedPackagePath);
     if (!pkgJson) throw new Error(`Missing package.json at ${resolvedPackagePath}`);
 
@@ -1287,6 +1299,7 @@ export function pluginLoader(
     }
 
     const manifest = await loadManifestFromPath(manifestPath);
+    assertPackageActivation?.({ packageRoot: resolvedPackagePath, pluginKey: manifest.id, manifest });
 
     // Step 4: Reject incompatible plugin API versions
     if (!manifestValidator.getSupportedVersions().includes(manifest.apiVersion)) {
@@ -1382,6 +1395,7 @@ export function pluginLoader(
       );
     }
 
+    assertPackageActivation?.({ packageRoot, installedPackagePath: plugin.packagePath, pluginKey: plugin.pluginKey, manifest, previousManifest: plugin.manifestJson });
     if (JSON.stringify(manifest) === JSON.stringify(plugin.manifestJson)) {
       return plugin;
     }
@@ -1409,6 +1423,7 @@ export function pluginLoader(
     packagePath: string,
     source: PluginSource,
   ): Promise<DiscoveredPlugin | null> {
+    assertPackageActivation?.({ packageRoot: packagePath });
     const pkgJson = await readPackageJson(packagePath);
     if (!pkgJson) return null;
 
@@ -1438,6 +1453,7 @@ export function pluginLoader(
 
     try {
       const manifest = await loadManifestFromPath(manifestPath);
+      assertPackageActivation?.({ packageRoot: packagePath, pluginKey: manifest.id, manifest });
       return {
         packagePath,
         packageName,
@@ -1690,6 +1706,7 @@ export function pluginLoader(
     // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     async loadManifest(packagePath: string): Promise<PaperclipPluginManifestV1 | null> {
+      assertPackageActivation?.({ packageRoot: packagePath });
       const pkgJson = await readPackageJson(packagePath);
       if (!pkgJson) return null;
 
@@ -1704,7 +1721,9 @@ export function pluginLoader(
       const manifestPath = resolveManifestPath(packagePath, pkgJson);
       if (!manifestPath || !existsSync(manifestPath)) return null;
 
-      return loadManifestFromPath(manifestPath);
+      const manifest = await loadManifestFromPath(manifestPath);
+      assertPackageActivation?.({ packageRoot: packagePath, pluginKey: manifest.id, manifest });
+      return manifest;
     },
 
     // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -2246,8 +2265,10 @@ export function pluginLoader(
       // 1. Resolve worker entrypoint
       // ------------------------------------------------------------------
       const packageRoot = resolvePluginPackageRoot(activePlugin, localPluginDir);
+      assertPackageActivation?.({ pluginKey, packageRoot, installedPackagePath: activePlugin.packagePath });
       activePlugin = await refreshPluginManifestFromPackage(activePlugin, packageRoot);
       manifest = activePlugin.manifestJson;
+      assertPackageActivation?.({ pluginKey, packageRoot, installedPackagePath: activePlugin.packagePath, manifest });
       const workerEntrypoint = resolveWorkerEntrypoint(activePlugin, localPluginDir);
 
       // ------------------------------------------------------------------

server/src/services/plugin-registry.ts

@@ -199,6 +199,8 @@ export function pluginRegistryService(db: Db) {
       id: string,
       data: {
         packageName?: string;
+        packagePath?: string;
+        status?: "upgrade_pending";
         version?: string;
         manifest?: PaperclipPluginManifestV1;
       },
@@ -210,6 +212,11 @@ export function pluginRegistryService(db: Db) {
         updatedAt: new Date(),
       };
       if (data.packageName !== undefined) setClause.packageName = data.packageName;
+      if (data.packagePath !== undefined) setClause.packagePath = data.packagePath;
+      if (data.status !== undefined) {
+        setClause.status = data.status;
+        setClause.lastError = null;
+      }
       if (data.version !== undefined) setClause.version = data.version;
       if (data.manifest !== undefined) {
         setClause.manifestJson = data.manifest;

ui/public/sw.js

@@ -5,7 +5,17 @@
 // reloads parked tabs onto the fresh bundle. Left as the literal placeholder in
 // dev, where HMR (not the worker) drives refreshes.
 const BUILD_ID = "__PAPERCLIP_BUILD_ID__";
-const CACHE_NAME = `paperclip-${BUILD_ID}`;
+// Separate this allowlisted cache from older workers that cached arbitrary URLs.
+const CACHE_NAME = `paperclip-public-assets-${BUILD_ID}`;
+const privateRequests = new Set();
+const privateCacheControl = /(?:^|,)\s*(?:no-store|private)(?:\s*(?:,|=)|\s*$)/i;
+
+async function evictRequest(request) {
+  await Promise.all((await caches.keys()).map(async (key) => {
+    const cache = await caches.open(key);
+    await cache.delete(request, { ignoreVary: true });
+  }));
+}
 
 self.addEventListener("install", () => {
   self.skipWaiting();
@@ -23,32 +33,53 @@ self.addEventListener("activate", (event) => {
 self.addEventListener("fetch", (event) => {
   const { request } = event;
   const url = new URL(request.url);
+  // Only immutable Vite build assets have a public offline-cache contract.
+  // Never infer that application/extension responses are public from absent
+  // headers, or from an in-memory classification lost when this worker restarts.
+  const publicAsset = url.origin === self.location.origin && !url.search &&
+    /^\/assets\/[^/]+-[a-zA-Z0-9_-]{8,}\.[a-zA-Z0-9.]+$/.test(url.pathname);
 
-  // Skip non-GET requests and API calls
+  // Explicitly private requests must bypass BOTH cache writes and offline
+  // fallback, including extension endpoints outside the host /api namespace.
   if (request.method !== "GET" || url.pathname.startsWith("/api")) {
     return;
   }
+  if (request.cache === "no-store") {
+    privateRequests.add(request.url);
+    event.waitUntil(evictRequest(request).catch(() => {}));
+    return;
+  }
 
-  // Network-first for everything — cache is only an offline fallback
+  // Network-first; only public build assets can use an offline fallback.
   event.respondWith(
     fetch(request)
-      .then((response) => {
-        if (response.ok && url.origin === self.location.origin) {
+      .then(async (response) => {
+        const cacheControl = response.headers.get("cache-control") ?? "";
+        if (privateCacheControl.test(cacheControl)) {
+          // Revoke earlier cacheable responses too. Keep an in-memory denylist
+          // if storage is unavailable so offline fallback still fails closed.
+          privateRequests.add(request.url);
+          await evictRequest(request).catch(() => {});
+        } else if (response.ok && publicAsset && !privateRequests.has(request.url)) {
           const clone = response.clone();
-          caches.open(CACHE_NAME).then((cache) => cache.put(request, clone));
+          await caches.open(CACHE_NAME).then(async (cache) => {
+            await cache.put(request, clone);
+            // A concurrent response may have revoked this URL during put().
+            if (privateRequests.has(request.url)) await cache.delete(request, { ignoreVary: true });
+          }).catch(() => {});
         }
         return response;
       })
       .catch(async () => {
-        // caches.match() resolves undefined on a miss (and the promise itself
-        // is always truthy, so `||` can never supply a fallback). respondWith
-        // must always receive a real Response — resolving undefined breaks
-        // the navigation with "Failed to convert value to 'Response'" instead
-        // of showing anything.
-        if (request.mode === "navigate") {
-          return (await caches.match("/")) ?? new Response("Offline", { status: 503 });
-        }
-        return (await caches.match(request)) ?? Response.error();
+        if (privateRequests.has(request.url)) return Response.error();
+        if (!publicAsset) return request.mode === "navigate" ? new Response("Offline", { status: 503 }) : Response.error();
+        // Restrict lookup to this policy's cache; old arbitrary-response caches
+        // must not become fallback candidates if activation cleanup fails.
+        try {
+          const cached = await (await caches.open(CACHE_NAME)).match(request);
+          if (cached && !privateCacheControl.test(cached.headers.get("cache-control") ?? "")) return cached;
+        } catch { /* Unavailable cache storage is an offline miss. */ }
+        return Response.error();
       })
   );
 });

ui/src/components/Layout.production.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { ChatSetupSidebarProvider } from "@/context/ChatSetupSidebarContext";
+import { PluginAppShellOverlays } from "./PluginAppShellOverlays";
 import {
   useCallback,
   useEffect,
@@ -785,6 +786,7 @@ export function Layout() {
           onOpenChange={setShortcutsOpen}
         />
         <ToastViewport />
+        <PluginAppShellOverlays localTrusted={health?.deploymentMode === "local_trusted"} />
       </div>
     </GeneralSettingsProvider>
     </ChatSetupSidebarProvider>

ui/src/components/Layout.test.tsx

@@ -117,6 +117,12 @@ vi.mock("./PropertiesPanel", () => ({
   PropertiesPanel: () => null,
 }));
 
+// Overlay account/company lifecycle has its own integration test. These tests
+// exercise route navigation with intentionally minimal context providers.
+vi.mock("./PluginAppShellOverlays", () => ({
+  PluginAppShellOverlays: () => null,
+}));
+
 vi.mock("./CommandPalette", () => ({
   CommandPalette: () => null,
 }));

ui/src/components/Layout.tsx

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import { NewAgentDialog } from "./NewAgentDialog";
 import { KeyboardShortcutsCheatsheet } from "./KeyboardShortcutsCheatsheet";
 import { ToastViewport } from "./ToastViewport";
 import { AnnouncementWell } from "./AnnouncementWell";
+import { PluginAppShellOverlays } from "./PluginAppShellOverlays";
 import { MobileBottomNav } from "./MobileBottomNav";
 import { WorktreeBanner } from "./WorktreeBanner";
 import { DevRestartBanner } from "./DevRestartBanner";
@@ -788,6 +789,7 @@ export function Layout({ sidebarSections }: { sidebarSections?: ReactNode }) {
       <KeyboardShortcutsCheatsheet open={shortcutsOpen} onOpenChange={setShortcutsOpen} />
       <ToastViewport />
       <AnnouncementWell health={health} />
+      <PluginAppShellOverlays localTrusted={health?.deploymentMode === "local_trusted"} />
       </div>
     </GeneralSettingsProvider>
     </ChatSetupSidebarProvider>

ui/src/components/PluginAppShellOverlays.test.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+// @vitest-environment jsdom
+import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
+import { createRoot, type Root } from "react-dom/client";
+import { flushSync } from "react-dom";
+import { afterEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+import { PluginAppShellOverlays } from "./PluginAppShellOverlays";
+
+const state = vi.hoisted(() => ({ userId: "alice" as string | null, settled: true, company: "first", onboarding: false, dismissed: false, pathname: "/ACME/issues", context: {} as Record<string, unknown>, failed: false, mounts: 0, disposals: 0 }));
+vi.mock("@/api/companies-query", () => ({ useAccountIdentity: () => ({ userId: state.userId, settled: state.settled }) }));
+vi.mock("@/context/CompanyContext", () => ({ useCompany: () => ({ selectedCompanyId: state.company, selectedCompany: { issuePrefix: "ACME" }, loading: false }) }));
+vi.mock("@/context/DialogContext", () => ({ useDialogState: () => ({ onboardingOpen: state.onboarding, onboardingRouteDismissed: state.dismissed }) }));
+vi.mock("@/lib/router", () => ({ useLocation: () => ({ pathname: state.pathname }) }));
+vi.mock("@/plugins/slots", () => ({
+  usePluginSlots: () => ({ errorMessage: state.failed ? "unavailable" : null, slots: [{ pluginId: "fixture", pluginVersion: "1.0.0", id: "overlay" }] }),
+  PluginSlotMount: ({ context }: { context: Record<string, unknown> }) => {
+    state.context = context;
+    const [draft, setDraft] = useState("");
+    useEffect(() => { state.mounts++; return () => { state.disposals++; }; }, []);
+    return <button onClick={() => setDraft("private draft")}>{draft || "empty"}</button>;
+  },
+}));
+let root: Root | undefined;
+let container: HTMLDivElement;
+function render(localTrusted = false) {
+  if (!root) { container = document.createElement("div"); document.body.append(container); root = createRoot(container); }
+  flushSync(() => root!.render(<PluginAppShellOverlays localTrusted={localTrusted} />));
+}
+afterEach(() => {
+  if (root) flushSync(() => root!.unmount());
+  root = undefined; container?.remove();
+  Object.assign(state, { userId: "alice", settled: true, company: "first", onboarding: false, dismissed: false, pathname: "/ACME/issues", context: {}, failed: false, mounts: 0, disposals: 0 });
+});
+describe("persistent app-shell plugin lifecycle", () => {
+  it("passes the complete host context promised by PluginWidgetProps", () => {
+    render();
+    expect(state.context).toEqual({ companyId: "first", companyPrefix: "ACME", projectId: null, entityId: null, entityType: null, parentEntityId: null, userId: "alice" });
+  });
+  it("disposes drafts on route-driven onboarding and remounts after dismissal", () => {
+    render(); flushSync(() => container.querySelector("button")!.click());
+    state.pathname = "/ACME/onboarding"; render();
+    expect(state.onboarding).toBe(false); expect(container.textContent).toBe(""); expect(state.disposals).toBe(1);
+    state.dismissed = true; render(); expect(container.textContent).toBe("empty");
+  });
+  it("keeps a draft during shell rerenders and clears it on account/company transitions", () => {
+    render(); flushSync(() => container.querySelector("button")!.click());
+    render(); expect(container.textContent).toBe("private draft"); expect(state.mounts).toBe(1);
+    state.userId = "bob"; render(); expect(container.textContent).toBe("empty"); expect(state.disposals).toBe(1);
+    flushSync(() => container.querySelector("button")!.click());
+    state.company = "second"; render(); expect(container.textContent).toBe("empty"); expect(state.disposals).toBe(2);
+  });
+  it("disposes private UI on sign-out and waits for a settled identity", () => {
+    render(); state.userId = null; render(); expect(container.textContent).toBe(""); expect(state.disposals).toBe(1);
+    state.userId = "bob"; state.settled = false; render(); expect(state.mounts).toBe(1);
+    state.settled = true; render(); expect(state.mounts).toBe(2);
+  });
+  it("does not render during onboarding or contribution errors", () => {
+    state.onboarding = true; render(); expect(state.mounts).toBe(0);
+    state.onboarding = false; state.failed = true; render(); expect(container.textContent).toBe("");
+  });
+  it("clears account state when returning to the sessionless local board", () => {
+    render(true); flushSync(() => container.querySelector("button")!.click());
+    state.settled = false; render(true); expect(container.textContent).toBe(""); expect(state.disposals).toBe(1);
+    state.userId = null; state.settled = true; render(true);
+    expect(container.textContent).toBe("empty"); expect(state.mounts).toBe(2);
+    flushSync(() => container.querySelector("button")!.click());
+    state.userId = "bob"; render(true); expect(container.textContent).toBe("empty"); expect(state.disposals).toBe(2);
+  });
+});

ui/src/components/PluginAppShellOverlays.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+import { useAccountIdentity } from "@/api/companies-query";
+import { useCompany } from "@/context/CompanyContext";
+import { useDialogState } from "@/context/DialogContext";
+import { useLocation } from "@/lib/router";
+import { isOnboardingPath } from "@/lib/onboarding-route";
+import type { PluginHostContext } from "@/plugins/bridge";
+import { PluginSlotMount, usePluginSlots, type PluginSlotContext } from "@/plugins/slots";
+
+function AppShellEntries({ context }: { context: PluginSlotContext }) {
+  const { slots, errorMessage } = usePluginSlots({
+    slotTypes: ["appShellOverlay"],
+    companyId: context.companyId,
+  });
+  // Optional extensions must not replace the application's normal error UI.
+  if (errorMessage || slots.length === 0) return null;
+  return (
+    <aside className="plugin-app-shell-overlays" aria-label="Application extensions">
+      {slots.map((slot) => (
+        <PluginSlotMount
+          key={`${slot.pluginId}:${slot.pluginVersion}:${slot.id}`}
+          slot={slot}
+          context={context}
+          className="plugin-app-shell-overlay"
+        />
+      ))}
+    </aside>
+  );
+}
+
+/**
+ * One persistent mount in each application shell. Navigation preserves the
+ * plugin tree; changing account/company, signing out, or entering onboarding
+ * disposes it. Plugins must cancel their requests/subscriptions on disposal.
+ * Host context is display context, never proof of server authorization.
+ */
+export function PluginAppShellOverlays({ localTrusted = false }: { localTrusted?: boolean }) {
+  const { userId, settled } = useAccountIdentity();
+  const { selectedCompanyId, selectedCompany, loading } = useCompany();
+  const { onboardingOpen, onboardingRouteDismissed } = useDialogState();
+  const { pathname } = useLocation();
+  // Local-trusted instances intentionally have no login requirement. Still
+  // prefer any real account and wait for identity resolution so account changes
+  // cannot reuse the prior account's in-memory plugin state.
+  const identity = settled ? userId ?? (localTrusted ? "local-board" : null) : null;
+  const onboardingVisible = onboardingOpen || (!onboardingRouteDismissed && isOnboardingPath(pathname));
+  if (!identity || loading || onboardingVisible) return null;
+  const context: PluginSlotContext & PluginHostContext = {
+    companyId: selectedCompanyId,
+    companyPrefix: selectedCompany?.issuePrefix ?? null,
+    projectId: null, entityId: null, entityType: null, parentEntityId: null,
+    userId,
+  };
+  return (
+    <AppShellEntries
+      key={JSON.stringify([identity, selectedCompanyId])}
+      context={context}
+    />
+  );
+}

ui/src/index.css

@@ -3085,3 +3085,27 @@ span.paperclip-mention-chip[data-mention-kind="external-object"] {
   --agent-cap-v1-muted-dream-a: #a6aaad;
   --agent-cap-v1-muted-dream-b: #44464a;
 }
+
+/* Persistent plugin surface. The host reserves mobile navigation/safe-area
+   space; each extension owns its accessible panel and focus lifecycle. */
+:root {
+  --plugin-shell-gap: calc(var(--spacing) * 3);
+  --plugin-shell-inset: calc(var(--spacing) * 4);
+  --plugin-shell-mobile-bottom: calc(var(--sz-calc-14) + var(--sz-safe-bottom) + var(--plugin-shell-inset));
+}
+.plugin-app-shell-overlays {
+  position: fixed;
+  inset-inline-end: max(var(--plugin-shell-inset), env(safe-area-inset-right));
+  bottom: max(var(--plugin-shell-inset), var(--sz-safe-bottom));
+  z-index: var(--z-20);
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  align-items: flex-end;
+  gap: var(--plugin-shell-gap);
+  max-width: calc(100vw - var(--plugin-shell-inset) * 2);
+  pointer-events: none;
+}
+.plugin-app-shell-overlay { pointer-events: auto; }
+@media (max-width: 767px) {
+  .plugin-app-shell-overlays { bottom: var(--plugin-shell-mobile-bottom); }
+}

ui/src/lib/service-worker-cache-policy.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+// @vitest-environment node
+import { readFileSync } from "node:fs";
+import vm from "node:vm";
+import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+
+function worker() {
+  const handlers = new Map<string, (event: unknown) => void>();
+  const put = vi.fn();
+  const match = vi.fn();
+  const remove = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(true);
+  const fetch = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue(new Response("public asset"));
+  vm.runInNewContext(readFileSync(new URL("../../public/sw.js", import.meta.url), "utf8"), {
+    self: { location: { origin: "https://example.test" }, addEventListener: (type: string, fn: (event: unknown) => void) => handlers.set(type, fn) },
+    URL, Response, fetch, caches: { keys: async () => ["paperclip-old", "paperclip-current"], open: async () => ({ put, delete: remove, match }), match },
+  });
+  const request = (cache: RequestCache = "default", pathname = "/extension/history") => {
+    const respondWith = vi.fn();
+    handlers.get("fetch")!({ request: new Request(`https://example.test${pathname}`, { cache }), respondWith, waitUntil: vi.fn() });
+    return respondWith;
+  };
+  return { request, fetch, put, match, remove };
+}
+
+describe("service worker privacy boundaries", () => {
+  it("bypasses both caching and offline fallback for a no-store request outside /api", () => {
+    const w = worker();
+    expect(w.request("no-store")).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(w.fetch).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(w.match).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    expect(w.put).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+  it.each(["no-store", "max-age=0, no-store", "private", 'private="Set-Cookie"', "PRIVATE, max-age=60"])("never caches a response marked %s", async directive => {
+    const w = worker();
+    w.fetch.mockResolvedValue(new Response("personal content", { headers: { "cache-control": directive } }));
+    const response = await w.request().mock.calls[0]![0];
+    expect(await response.text()).toBe("personal content");
+    expect(w.put).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+  it("keeps public asset offline caching", async () => {
+    const w = worker();
+    await w.request("default", "/assets/index-AbCd1234.js").mock.calls[0]![0];
+    expect(w.put).toHaveBeenCalledOnce();
+    w.fetch.mockRejectedValue(new Error("offline"));
+    w.match.mockResolvedValue(new Response("cached build asset"));
+    expect(await (await w.request("default", "/assets/index-AbCd1234.js").mock.calls[0]![0]).text()).toBe("cached build asset");
+  });
+  it.each(["private", "no-store"])("evicts stale entries when a response becomes %s and blocks offline reuse", async directive => {
+    const w = worker();
+    w.match.mockResolvedValue(new Response("stale personal content"));
+    w.fetch.mockResolvedValue(new Response("fresh", { headers: { "cache-control": directive } }));
+    await w.request().mock.calls[0]![0];
+    expect(w.remove).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+    expect(w.remove).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.any(Request), { ignoreVary: true });
+    w.fetch.mockRejectedValue(new Error("offline"));
+    const offline = await w.request().mock.calls[0]![0];
+    expect(offline.type).toBe("error"); expect(w.match).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+  it("does not serve stale data when cache eviction itself fails", async () => {
+    const w = worker(); w.remove.mockRejectedValue(new Error("cache unavailable"));
+    w.fetch.mockResolvedValue(new Response("fresh", { headers: { "cache-control": "private" } }));
+    expect(await (await w.request().mock.calls[0]![0]).text()).toBe("fresh");
+    w.fetch.mockRejectedValue(new Error("offline"));
+    expect((await w.request().mock.calls[0]![0]).type).toBe("error");
+    expect(w.match).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it.each(["/extension/history", "/extensions/support/messages", "/", "/assets/avatar.png", "/assets/index-AbCd1234.js?user=1"])("never caches or falls back to uncertain resource %s after a worker restart", async pathname => {
+    const previous = worker();
+    previous.remove.mockRejectedValue(new Error("storage unavailable"));
+    previous.fetch.mockResolvedValue(new Response("personal content", { headers: { "cache-control": "private" } }));
+    await previous.request("default", pathname).mock.calls[0]![0];
+    const restarted = worker();
+    restarted.match.mockResolvedValue(new Response("stale personal content"));
+    await restarted.request("default", pathname).mock.calls[0]![0];
+    expect(restarted.put).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    restarted.fetch.mockRejectedValue(new Error("offline"));
+    expect((await restarted.request("default", pathname).mock.calls[0]![0]).type).toBe("error");
+    expect(restarted.match).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it("rejects a cached asset explicitly marked private even after restart", async () => {
+    const w = worker();
+    w.match.mockResolvedValue(new Response("personal content", { headers: { "cache-control": "private" } }));
+    w.fetch.mockRejectedValue(new Error("offline"));
+    expect((await w.request("default", "/assets/index-AbCd1234.js").mock.calls[0]![0]).type).toBe("error");
+  });
+});

ui/src/lib/sw-offline-fallback.test.ts

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ describe("sw.js offline fallback", () => {
     expect(await response!.text()).toBe("Offline");
   });
 
-  it("serves the cached shell for a failed navigation when one exists", async () => {
+  it("does not replay a legacy cached shell for a failed navigation", async () => {
     const shell = new Response("<html>app shell</html>", { status: 200 });
     const listener = loadServiceWorkerFetchListener({
       fetch: () => Promise.reject(new TypeError("network down")),
@@ -89,7 +89,8 @@ describe("sw.js offline fallback", () => {
       mode: "navigate",
     });
 
-    expect(response).toBe(shell);
+    expect(response!.status).toBe(503);
+    expect(await response!.text()).toBe("Offline");
   });
 
   it("returns a network-error Response for a failed asset with no cache entry", async () => {