fix(studio): English platforms stay English on every path

Review found several ways Chinese text still reached TikTok/Reels/Shorts/YouTube:
- packaging kept Chinese titles, captions and nameplate roles from the model;
  Chinese captions are now retried, the rest dropped or filtered
- post copy accepted Chinese titles; they are retried, never posted
- landscape YouTube burned the untranslated source captions and Chinese hook;
  landscape versions now caption in their audience's language
- appended and on-demand versions skipped the English title and post copy
- publishing fell back to the Chinese clip title; it now asks for one
- the kit's file names and the share credit followed the app language
Also: a version interrupted mid-render becomes retryable after a restart,
and a DashScope relay address from 1.4 is no longer rewritten.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

backend/api/v1/studio.py

@@ -342,7 +342,8 @@ def output_variant_kit(project_id: str, variant_id: str, db: Session = Depends(g
         raise HTTPException(404, '成片文件已移除')
     cover, _ = publish_kit.cover_file(project_id, job['job_id'], variant['strategy_id'])
     post = variant.get('post') or {'title': (job.get('result') or {}).get('title', '')}
-    data, name = publish_kit.kit_zip(video, cover, post, platform_strategy(variant['strategy_id']).label)
+    strategy = platform_strategy(variant['strategy_id'])
+    data, name = publish_kit.kit_zip(video, cover, post, strategy.label, english=strategy.audience_language == 'en')
     return Response(data, media_type='application/zip', headers={'Content-Disposition': f"attachment; filename*=UTF-8''{quote(name)}"})
 
 

backend/services/ai_model_settings.py

@@ -173,9 +173,10 @@ def chat_endpoint(connection: Connection, model: str) -> dict:
         **{key: preset.base_url for key, preset in LOCAL_PRESETS.items()},
     }
     base = connection.base_url or defaults[connection.provider]
-    if connection.provider == 'dashscope' and connection.base_url:
+    if connection.provider == 'dashscope' and connection.base_url and (urlparse(base).hostname or '').endswith('.aliyuncs.com'):
         # Dedicated Bailian endpoints are pasted as a host or its native /api/v1 path; text models
         # use the OpenAI-compatible path on the same host (speech recognition uses /api/v1).
+        # Other hosts (a relay or proxy someone set up in 1.4) are used exactly as entered.
         host = base.rstrip('/').removesuffix('/compatible-mode/v1').removesuffix('/api/v1')
         base = host + '/compatible-mode/v1'
     return {'base_url': base, 'api_key': connection.api_key or '', 'model': model}

backend/services/studio/jobs.py

@@ -368,6 +368,10 @@ def _apply_strategy(draft, strategy_id, *, burned_subtitles=False, layout=None):
         title_style=strategy.title_style,
         title_motion=strategy.title_motion,
     )
+    if strategy.template == 'landscape' and strategy_id != 'original' and value.get('language', 'source') == 'source':
+        # No template packaging here: the legacy captions and hook are translated at render time
+        # (skipped when already in this language), so English YouTube never burns Chinese text.
+        value['language'] = strategy.audience_language
     if burned_subtitles:
         value['subtitles'] = False
     # The template version follows the new title style: a draft derived for one platform (comic, v6)
@@ -609,9 +613,14 @@ def _audience_title(value, strategy_id, post):
     from backend.services.studio.packaging import CJK
     if platform_strategy(strategy_id).audience_language != 'en' or not CJK.search(value.get('title') or ''):
         return value
+    from backend.services.studio.packaging import foreign_for
     lines = (value.get('packaging') or {}).get('title_lines') or []
-    english = ' '.join(lines) if lines and not any(CJK.search(line) for line in lines) else (post or {}).get('title', '')
-    return {**value, 'title': english[:120]} if english else value
+    english = ' '.join(lines) if lines and not any(foreign_for('en', line) for line in lines) else (post or {}).get('title', '')
+    if not english or foreign_for('en', english):
+        # No English title came back: an English caption line beats the Chinese clip title.
+        cues = (value.get('packaging') or {}).get('cues') or []
+        english = next((cue['text'] for cue in cues if cue.get('text') and not foreign_for('en', cue['text'])), '') or 'Untitled clip'
+    return {**value, 'title': english[:120]}
 
 
 def _content_key(value):
@@ -903,9 +912,12 @@ def append_platform_variants(project_id, platforms, branding):
             value, trimmed = _fit_platform_limit(project_id, {**base, 'id': uuid.uuid4().hex, 'revision': 1}, strategy)
             now = signature in automatic
             framed = None
+            post = None
             if now:
                 value, framed = _apply_framing(project_id, value, strategy_id, video, burned, framing_cache)
                 value = _apply_packaging(project_id, value, strategy_id, burned, packaging_cache)
+                post = _posts_for(project_id, [(strategy_id, value)], packaging_cache).get((_content_key(value), strategy_id))
+                value = _audience_title(value, strategy_id, post)
             draft = _apply_strategy(value, strategy_id, burned_subtitles=burned, layout=value.get('layout') if framed else None)
             derived.append(draft.model_dump())
             variants.append({
@@ -914,6 +926,7 @@ def append_platform_variants(project_id, platforms, branding):
                 'status': 'queued' if now else 'on_demand', 'created_at': store.now(),
                 **({'trimmed_to_sec': trimmed} if trimmed else {}),
                 **({'framing': framed} if framed else {}),
+                **({'post': post} if post else {}),
             })
     if not variants:
         raise ValueError('没有可追加的平台版本；已存在或素材不满足所选平台要求')
@@ -1007,8 +1020,9 @@ def _produce_on_demand(project_id, variant_id):
         strategy_id = variant['strategy_id']
         value, framed = _apply_framing(project_id, raw, strategy_id, video, burned, {})
         value = _apply_packaging(project_id, value, strategy_id, burned, {})
-        draft = _apply_strategy(value, strategy_id, burned_subtitles=burned, layout=value.get('layout') if framed else None).model_dump()
         posts = _posts_for(project_id, [(strategy_id, value)], {})
+        value = _audience_title(value, strategy_id, posts.get((_content_key(value), strategy_id)))
+        draft = _apply_strategy(value, strategy_id, burned_subtitles=burned, layout=value.get('layout') if framed else None).model_dump()
 
         def ready(data):
             for index, item in enumerate(data['drafts']):
@@ -1084,13 +1098,7 @@ def _sync_variant_status(project_id, job_id, status, error=None):
 
 
 def _finish_generation(data):
-    """Settle the generation once every requested (not backup) variant is completed or failed."""
-    variants = [item for item in data['output_variants'] if item['status'] != 'on_demand']
-    if all(item['status'] in ('completed', 'failed') for item in variants):
-        completed = [item for item in variants if item['status'] == 'completed']
-        outcome = 'completed' if len(completed) == len(variants) else 'partial' if completed else 'failed'
-        data['generation'].update(status=outcome, completed_variant_count=len(completed), finished_at=store.now())
-        data['analysis'] = {'status': 'completed' if completed else 'failed', 'phase': 'rendering', 'run_id': (data.get('analysis') or {}).get('run_id'), 'outcome': outcome, 'created_at': store.now()}
+    store.settle_generation(data)
 
 
 def inspect_project(project_id, options, url=None, browser=None):

backend/services/studio/packaging.py

@@ -18,6 +18,16 @@ logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 CJK = re.compile(r'[㐀-鿿]')
 KANA = re.compile(r'[぀-ヿ]')
+
+
+def foreign_for(audience: str, text: str) -> bool:
+    """Text an English-platform viewer cannot read: any Chinese or Japanese characters."""
+    return audience == 'en' and bool(CJK.search(text or '') or KANA.search(text or ''))
+
+
+def _items(value) -> list[dict]:
+    # Model lists sometimes hold bare strings or come back as one object: keep only the objects.
+    return [item for item in value if isinstance(item, dict)] if isinstance(value, list) else []
 LATIN = re.compile(r'[A-Za-z]')
 TITLE_LIMIT = {'zh': 12, 'en': 36}
 TAG_LIMIT = 10
@@ -143,9 +153,7 @@ def build_packaging(draft: dict[str, Any], lines: list[dict[str, Any]], strategy
     translate = captions and src != audience
     base = {'template': template, 'audience_language': audience, 'source_language': src, 'burned_captions': burned}
     # Never mix languages: a fallback shows only what is already in the audience's language.
-    fallback_title = _fallback_title(draft, audience)
-    if audience == 'en':
-        fallback_title = [line for line in fallback_title if not CJK.search(line) and not KANA.search(line)]
+    fallback_title = [line for line in _fallback_title(draft, audience) if not foreign_for(audience, line)]
     fallback = {**base, 'title_lines': fallback_title, 'fallback': True,
                 'cues': [] if not captions or translate else [{'start': l['start'], 'end': l['end'], 'text': l['text'][:600], 'original': ''} for l in lines]}
     if not lines:
@@ -203,8 +211,9 @@ def _segments(raw, lines, translate):
         raise ValueError('segments missing')
     cues, expected = [], 0
     for item in raw:
-        start, end = (item or {}).get('from'), (item or {}).get('to')
-        text = _clean(str((item or {}).get('text') or ''))
+        item = item if isinstance(item, dict) else {}
+        start, end = item.get('from'), item.get('to')
+        text = _clean(str(item.get('text') or ''))
         if not (isinstance(start, int) and isinstance(end, int)) or start != expected or end < start or end >= len(lines):
             raise ValueError('segments are not contiguous')
         if end - start >= MAX_SEGMENT_LINES:
@@ -224,9 +233,13 @@ def _validated(result, lines, base, translate, burned, known_names, draft, avoid
     if not isinstance(result, dict):
         raise TypeError('packaging response is not an object')
     audience = base['audience_language']
-    titles = [_clean(t) for t in result.get('title_lines') or [] if isinstance(t, str) and _clean(t)][:2]
+    raw_titles = result.get('title_lines')
+    raw_titles = [raw_titles] if isinstance(raw_titles, str) else raw_titles if isinstance(raw_titles, list) else []
+    titles = [_clean(t) for t in raw_titles if isinstance(t, str) and _clean(t)][:2]
     if audience == 'zh' and any(KANA.search(t) for t in titles):
         titles = []  # a Japanese title on a Chinese platform: use the draft title instead
+    if any(foreign_for(audience, t) for t in titles):
+        titles = []  # a Chinese title on an English platform: never shown; the fallback below is filtered too
     limit = TITLE_LIMIT[audience]
     if titles and any(len(t) > limit + 2 for t in titles):
         # Models often return one long line: keep their wording when it fits two lines, breaking
@@ -239,38 +252,45 @@ def _validated(result, lines, base, translate, burned, known_names, draft, avoid
         rewrapped = lines_for(joined, chars if audience == 'zh' else chars * 0.55)
         titles = rewrapped if 0 < len(rewrapped) <= 2 and all(len(t) <= cap for t in rewrapped) else []
     if not titles:
-        titles = _fallback_title(draft, audience)
+        titles = [line for line in _fallback_title(draft, audience) if not foreign_for(audience, line)]
     accent = result.get('accent_line') if result.get('accent_line') in (0, 1) else len(titles) - 1
     cues = []
     if captions if captions is not None else (not burned or translate):
         if translate:
             cues = _segments(result.get('segments'), lines, translate)  # invalid translation: whole package falls back
+            if any(foreign_for(audience, cue['text']) for cue in cues):
+                raise ValueError('English captions contain Chinese or Japanese text')
         else:
             # Same language: the source rows are what is actually said and carry the tightest timing.
             # Merged sentence segments spread word timing over 20 s+ and drift from the audio.
             cues = [{'start': l['start'], 'end': l['end'], 'text': l['text'][:600], 'original': '', 'lines': (i, i)}
                     for i, l in enumerate(lines)]
-        if burned:
+        if burned or audience == 'en':
             for cue in cues:
-                cue['original'] = ''  # the picture already carries a caption; never stack a third line
+                # Burned: the picture already carries a caption, never stack a third line.
+                # English: its templates show English only, so the source text is not kept either.
+                cue['original'] = ''
     haystack = (' '.join(line['text'] for line in lines) + ' ' + known_names + ' ' + draft.get('title', '')).lower()
     speakers, seen = [], set()
-    for item in result.get('speakers') or []:
-        index, name = _line(item, lines), str((item or {}).get('name') or '').strip()
+    for item in _items(result.get('speakers')):
+        index, name = _line(item, lines), str(item.get('name') or '').strip()
         if index is None or not name or len(name) > 40 or name.lower() in seen or not _names_allowed(name, haystack):
             continue
+        if foreign_for(audience, name):
+            continue  # a nameplate the audience cannot read is worse than none
+        role = str(item.get('role') or '').strip()[:60]
         seen.add(name.lower())
-        speakers.append({'at': lines[index]['start'], 'name': name, 'role': str(item.get('role') or '').strip()[:60]})
+        speakers.append({'at': lines[index]['start'], 'name': name, 'role': '' if foreign_for(audience, role) else role})
     tags = []
     if base['template'] == 'interview_zh':
-        for item in (result.get('tags') or [])[:MAX_TAGS]:
-            index, text = _line(item, lines), str((item or {}).get('text') or '').strip()
+        for item in _items(result.get('tags'))[:MAX_TAGS]:
+            index, text = _line(item, lines), str(item.get('text') or '').strip()
             if index is not None and 0 < len(text) <= TAG_LIMIT:
                 tags.append({'at': lines[index]['start'] + .2, 'text': text})
     highlights = []
     if base['template'] == 'podcast_en':
-        for item in result.get('highlights') or []:
-            index, word = _line(item, lines), str((item or {}).get('word') or '').strip()
+        for item in _items(result.get('highlights')):
+            index, word = _line(item, lines), str(item.get('word') or '').strip()
             cue = next((c for c in cues if index is not None and c['lines'][0] <= index <= c['lines'][1]), None)
             if cue and word and len(word) <= 30 and word.lower() in cue['text'].lower():
                 highlights.append({'at': cue['start'], 'text': word})

backend/services/studio/post_copy.py

@@ -74,10 +74,13 @@ def _tags(raw: Any, rules: PostRules) -> list[str]:
     return tags[:rules.tags[1]]
 
 
+FOREIGN_FOR_EN = re.compile(r'[\u3040-\u30ff\u3400-\u9fff]')
+
+
 def fallback(title: str, platform: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
     rules = RULES.get(platform, RULES['original'])
     text = _clean(title)
-    if rules.language == 'en' and re.search(r'[\u3040-\u30ff\u4e00-\u9fff]', text):
+    if rules.language == 'en' and FOREIGN_FOR_EN.search(text):
         text = ''  # never a Chinese title on an English platform; the user fills it in
     return {'title': _fit(text, rules.title_max), 'description': '', 'tags': []}
 
@@ -101,13 +104,24 @@ def build_posts(title: str, lines: list[str], platforms: list[str], *, source: s
             raw = (result or {}).get('posts') if isinstance(result, dict) else None
             if not isinstance(raw, dict):
                 raise ValueError('posts missing')
+            mixed = []
             for platform in platforms:
                 item = raw.get(platform) if isinstance(raw.get(platform), dict) else {}
                 rules = RULES[platform]
                 post_title = _fit(_clean(item.get('title')), rules.title_max)
+                description = _fit(_clean(item.get('description')), rules.description_max)
+                tags = _tags(item.get('tags'), rules)
+                if rules.language == 'en':
+                    # English platforms are English only: a Chinese title is retried, never posted.
+                    if FOREIGN_FOR_EN.search(post_title):
+                        mixed.append(platform)
+                        continue
+                    description = '' if FOREIGN_FOR_EN.search(description) else description
+                    tags = [tag for tag in tags if not FOREIGN_FOR_EN.search(tag)]
                 if post_title:
-                    posts[platform] = {'title': post_title, 'description': _fit(_clean(item.get('description')), rules.description_max),
-                                       'tags': _tags(item.get('tags'), rules)}
+                    posts[platform] = {'title': post_title, 'description': description, 'tags': tags}
+            if mixed and attempt == 0:
+                raise ValueError(f'{"、".join(mixed)} 的标题必须是英文，不能有中文')
             return posts
         except Exception as error:  # noqa: BLE001 - copy falls back to the clip title
             logger.warning('Post copy rejected (attempt %d): %s', attempt + 1, type(error).__name__)

backend/services/studio/publish_kit.py

@@ -244,13 +244,17 @@ def _safe_name(text: str) -> str:
     return re.sub(r'[\\/:*?"<>|\n\r\t]+', ' ', text).strip()[:60] or 'autoclip'
 
 
-def kit_zip(video: Path, cover: Path | None, post: dict[str, Any], platform_label: str) -> tuple[bytes, str]:
-    """(zip bytes, file name): the video, its cover and the post copy for one platform."""
+def kit_zip(video: Path, cover: Path | None, post: dict[str, Any], platform_label: str, *, english: bool = False) -> tuple[bytes, str]:
+    """(zip bytes, file name): the video, its cover and the post copy for one platform.
+
+    An English platform's kit is English throughout, file names included.
+    """
     name = _safe_name(post.get('title') or video.stem)
+    cover_name, copy_name, platform = ('cover', 'post', 'Platform: ') if english else ('封面', '发布文案', '平台：')
     buffer = io.BytesIO()
     with zipfile.ZipFile(buffer, 'w', compression=zipfile.ZIP_STORED) as archive:  # mp4/jpg are already compressed
         archive.write(video, f'{name}.mp4')
         if cover is not None:
-            archive.write(cover, f'{name} 封面.jpg')
-        archive.writestr(f'{name} 发布文案.txt', f'平台：{platform_label}\n\n{caption_text(post)}\n')
+            archive.write(cover, f'{name} {cover_name}.jpg')
+        archive.writestr(f'{name} {copy_name}.txt', f'{platform}{platform_label}\n\n{caption_text(post)}\n')
     return buffer.getvalue(), f'{name}.zip'

backend/services/studio/render.py

@@ -17,6 +17,18 @@ from backend.utils.ffmpeg_utils import get_ffmpeg_path
 PORTRAIT_LINE = 15
 
 
+def _needs_translation(language, hook, entries):
+    """Skip the model call when the hook and captions are already in the target language."""
+    from backend.services.studio.packaging import CJK, foreign_for, source_language
+    if language not in ('zh', 'en'):
+        return True
+    if entries and source_language([e.get('text', '') for e in entries]) != language:
+        return True
+    if hook and (foreign_for('en', hook) if language == 'en' else not CJK.search(hook)):
+        return True
+    return False
+
+
 def render_draft(project_id, video, draft: Draft, job_id, progress, *, brand_outro=False):
     info = _probe(video)
     validate_scenes(draft.scenes, info.get('duration', 0))
@@ -35,7 +47,7 @@ def render_draft(project_id, video, draft: Draft, job_id, progress, *, brand_out
     from backend.pipeline.quality import to_seconds
     entries = [e.copy() for e in entries if any(to_seconds(e['start_time']) < s.end and to_seconds(e['end_time']) > s.start for s in draft.scenes)]
     hook = '' if packaged else draft.hook
-    if draft.language != 'source' and (hook or entries):
+    if draft.language != 'source' and (hook or entries) and _needs_translation(draft.language, hook, entries):
         translated = text_json('将 title 和 subtitles 翻译成指定语言；保持 subtitles 的数量与顺序，不添加事实。返回 {"title":"...","subtitles":["..."]}。', {'language': draft.language, 'title': hook, 'subtitles': [e.get('text', '') for e in entries]})
         rows = translated.get('subtitles', [])
         if len(rows) != len(entries) or not all(isinstance(t, str) for t in rows) or not isinstance(translated.get('title'), str):

backend/services/studio/store.py

@@ -33,17 +33,37 @@ def read(project_id: str):
     data.setdefault('events', [])
     data.setdefault('jobs', [])
     data.setdefault('output_variants', [])
+    interrupted = set()
     for job in data['jobs']:
         if job['status'] in ('queued', 'running') and job.get('instance') != INSTANCE:
             job.update(status='failed', error='服务已重启，请重新导出')
+            interrupted.add(job.get('job_id'))
+    settle = False
     for variant in data['output_variants']:
         if variant.get('status') == 'preparing' and variant.get('instance') != INSTANCE:
             variant.update(status='failed', error='服务已重启，请重试这条', needs_prepare=True)
+            settle = True
+        elif variant.get('status') in ('queued', 'running') and variant.get('render_job_id') in interrupted:
+            # The app closed mid-render: the version becomes retryable instead of queued forever.
+            variant.update(status='failed', error='服务已重启，请重试这条')
+            settle = True
+    if settle and data.get('generation'):
+        settle_generation(data)
     analysis = data.get('analysis')
     if analysis and analysis['status'] == 'running' and analysis.get('instance') != INSTANCE:
         analysis.update(status='failed', error='服务已重启，请重试分析')
     return data
 
+def settle_generation(data):
+    """Settle the generation once every requested (not backup) variant is completed or failed."""
+    variants = [item for item in data['output_variants'] if item['status'] != 'on_demand']
+    if all(item['status'] in ('completed', 'failed') for item in variants):
+        completed = [item for item in variants if item['status'] == 'completed']
+        outcome = 'completed' if len(completed) == len(variants) else 'partial' if completed else 'failed'
+        data['generation'].update(status=outcome, completed_variant_count=len(completed), finished_at=now())
+        data['analysis'] = {'status': 'completed' if completed else 'failed', 'phase': 'rendering', 'run_id': (data.get('analysis') or {}).get('run_id'), 'outcome': outcome, 'created_at': now()}
+
+
 def write(project_id, data):
     root = directory(project_id)
     if not root.is_dir():

backend/services/upload_post_publisher.py

@@ -418,6 +418,12 @@ def publish_clip(req: PublishRequest, config: UploadPostConfig | None = None,
     title = (req.title or post.get("title") or clip.get("generated_title") or clip.get("title") or clip.get("outline") or f"切片 {req.clip_id}").strip()
     if not title:
         title = f"切片 {req.clip_id}"
+    if clip.get("strategy_id"):
+        from backend.services.platform_strategy import platform_strategy
+        from backend.services.studio.packaging import foreign_for
+        if platform_strategy(clip["strategy_id"]).audience_language == "en" and foreign_for("en", title):
+            # Never post a Chinese title to an English platform; the publish page asks for one.
+            raise UploadPostError("这个平台的标题需要是英文，请在发布页填写英文标题后再发布")
 
     video_path = Path(export["path"])
     if not video_path.exists() or video_path.stat().st_size == 0:

backend/tests/test_ai_model_settings.py

@@ -383,6 +383,8 @@ def test_a_dedicated_bailian_endpoint_serves_text_models_on_its_compatible_path(
         connection = ai.Connection(id='b', name='百炼', provider='dashscope', base_url=pasted)
         assert ai.chat_endpoint(connection, 'qwen-plus')['base_url'] == host + '/compatible-mode/v1'
     assert ai.chat_endpoint(ai.Connection(id='d', name='d', provider='dashscope'), 'm')['base_url'] == 'https://dashscope.aliyuncs.com/compatible-mode/v1'
+    relay = ai.Connection(id='r', name='relay', provider='dashscope', base_url='https://proxy.example.com/v1')
+    assert ai.chat_endpoint(relay, 'm')['base_url'] == 'https://proxy.example.com/v1', 'a 1.4 relay address is used as entered'
 
 
 def test_fal_image_connections_and_unknown_image_apis_from_newer_versions():

backend/tests/test_english_only.py

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+"""English platforms are English only: no Chinese or Japanese text in titles, captions, nameplates,
+post copy, kit files or the share credit, whatever the model returns (no model calls)."""
+import io
+import json
+import zipfile
+
+from backend.services.platform_strategy import platform_strategy
+from backend.services.studio import jobs, packaging, post_copy, publish_kit, render, store
+
+ZH_LINES = [
+    {'start': 0.0, 'end': 3.0, 'text': '我觉得好的投资人就像飞行教练'},
+    {'start': 3.0, 'end': 6.0, 'text': '他会让你自己去飞，但不会让你坠机'},
+]
+ZH_DRAFT = {'title': '好的投资人像飞行教练', 'hook': ''}
+
+
+def _response(**overrides):
+    body = {'title_lines': ['Good investors', 'are flight instructors'], 'accent_line': 1,
+            'segments': [{'from': 0, 'to': 1, 'text': 'Good investors are like flight instructors: they let you fly, never crash.'}],
+            'speakers': [{'line': 0, 'name': 'Sam Altman', 'role': 'OpenAI CEO'}], 'tags': [], 'highlights': []}
+    return {**body, **overrides}
+
+
+def _has_foreign(value):
+    return packaging.foreign_for('en', json.dumps(value, ensure_ascii=False))
+
+
+def test_chinese_model_output_never_reaches_an_english_package():
+    calls = []
+
+    def chinese_titles_then_good(_prompt, payload):
+        calls.append(payload)
+        if len(calls) == 1:  # captions still in Chinese: rejected and retried
+            return _response(segments=[{'from': 0, 'to': 1, 'text': '好的投资人像飞行教练'}])
+        return _response(title_lines=['好的投资人', '像飞行教练'], speakers=[{'line': 0, 'name': 'Sam Altman', 'role': 'OpenAI 首席执行官'}])
+    result = packaging.build_packaging(ZH_DRAFT, ZH_LINES, platform_strategy('tiktok'), known_names='Sam Altman', call=chinese_titles_then_good)
+    assert len(calls) == 2 and 'previous_error' in calls[1]
+    assert not _has_foreign({k: result[k] for k in ('title_lines', 'cues', 'speakers')}), result
+    assert result['speakers'] == [{'at': 0.0, 'name': 'Sam Altman', 'role': ''}]
+
+
+def test_malformed_lists_do_not_break_packaging():
+    result = packaging.build_packaging({'title': 'x', 'hook': ''}, [{'start': 0, 'end': 2, 'text': 'flight instructors teach you to fly'} for _ in range(3)],
+                                       platform_strategy('tiktok'), call=lambda *_: _response(title_lines='Fly alone', speakers=['Sam'], highlights={'a': 1}))
+    assert result['title_lines'] == ['Fly alone'] and result['speakers'] == []
+
+
+def test_post_copy_retries_a_chinese_title_for_an_english_platform_and_never_posts_one():
+    answers = iter([
+        {'posts': {'tiktok': {'title': '好的投资人', 'description': 'x', 'tags': []}, 'douyin': {'title': '好的投资人', 'description': '简介', 'tags': ['投资']}}},
+        {'posts': {'tiktok': {'title': 'Good investors teach you to fly', 'description': '中文简介', 'tags': ['investing', '投资']},
+                   'douyin': {'title': '好的投资人', 'description': '简介', 'tags': ['投资']}}},
+    ])
+    posts = post_copy.build_posts('好的投资人', ['line'], ['tiktok', 'douyin'], call=lambda *_: next(answers))
+    assert posts['tiktok'] == {'title': 'Good investors teach you to fly', 'description': '', 'tags': ['investing']}
+    assert posts['douyin']['title'] == '好的投资人'
+    stubborn = post_copy.build_posts('好的投资人', ['line'], ['tiktok'], call=lambda *_: {'posts': {'tiktok': {'title': '中文', 'description': '', 'tags': []}}})
+    assert stubborn['tiktok']['title'] == ''
+
+
+def test_an_english_version_without_an_english_title_uses_an_english_caption():
+    value = {'title': '中文标题', 'packaging': {'title_lines': [], 'cues': [{'text': '我', 'start': 0, 'end': 1}, {'text': 'Fly alone first', 'start': 1, 'end': 2}]}}
+    assert jobs._audience_title(value, 'tiktok', {'title': '中文'})['title'] == 'Fly alone first'
+    assert jobs._audience_title({'title': '中文标题', 'packaging': None}, 'youtube_long', None)['title'] == 'Untitled clip'
+
+
+def test_landscape_versions_caption_in_their_audiences_language():
+    draft = {'id': 'd', 'title': 't', 'scenes': [{'id': 's', 'label': 'x', 'start': 0.0, 'end': 90.0}], 'language': 'source'}
+    assert jobs._apply_strategy(draft, 'youtube_long').language == 'en'
+    assert jobs._apply_strategy(draft, 'bilibili').language == 'zh'
+    assert jobs._apply_strategy(draft, 'original').language == 'source'
+    english = [{'text': 'a good investor is like a flight instructor who lets you fly'}]
+    assert not render._needs_translation('en', 'Fly alone', english)
+    assert render._needs_translation('en', '好的投资人', english), 'a Chinese hook on English YouTube is translated'
+    assert render._needs_translation('zh', '', english)
+    assert not render._needs_translation('zh', '好的投资人', [{'text': '我觉得好的投资人就像飞行教练，他会让你自己去飞'}])
+
+
+def test_an_english_kit_is_english_down_to_the_file_names(tmp_path):
+    video, cover = tmp_path / 'v.mp4', tmp_path / 'c.jpg'
+    video.write_bytes(b'v')
+    cover.write_bytes(b'c')
+    data, name = publish_kit.kit_zip(video, cover, {'title': 'Fly alone', 'description': '', 'tags': []}, 'TikTok', english=True)
+    names = zipfile.ZipFile(io.BytesIO(data)).namelist()
+    assert not any(packaging.foreign_for('en', n) for n in names + [name]), names
+    text = zipfile.ZipFile(io.BytesIO(data)).read('Fly alone post.txt').decode()
+    assert not packaging.foreign_for('en', text)
+
+
+def test_a_version_interrupted_mid_render_becomes_retryable_after_a_restart(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    monkeypatch.setattr(store, 'get_projects_directory', lambda: tmp_path)
+    meta = tmp_path / 'p1' / 'metadata'
+    meta.mkdir(parents=True)
+    (meta / 'studio.json').write_text(json.dumps({
+        'generation': {'status': 'rendering'}, 'analysis': {'status': 'running', 'instance': 'old'},
+        'jobs': [{'job_id': 'j1', 'status': 'running', 'instance': 'old'}],
+        'output_variants': [{'id': 'v1', 'status': 'queued', 'render_job_id': 'j1'}, {'id': 'v2', 'status': 'on_demand'}]}))
+    data = store.read('p1')
+    assert data['output_variants'][0]['status'] == 'failed'
+    assert data['generation']['status'] == 'failed', 'the results page does not say it is still rendering'

backend/tests/test_upload_post_publisher.py

@@ -539,8 +539,8 @@ def test_api_router_is_mounted():
 
 
 # --------------------------------------------------------- output variants ---
-def _variant_meta(path, strategy_id):
-    return {"id": "studio-" + "a" * 32, "title": "自动版本", "generated_title": "自动版本", "source_type": "studio",
+def _variant_meta(path, strategy_id, title="Auto version"):
+    return {"id": "studio-" + "a" * 32, "title": title, "generated_title": title, "source_type": "studio",
             "studio_job_id": "a" * 32, "revision": 1, "video_path": str(path), "warnings": [],
             "output_variant_id": "v1", "strategy_id": strategy_id, "branding": {"outro_enabled": True}}
 
@@ -564,6 +564,20 @@ def test_publish_variant_uses_completed_file_without_reexport(data_dir, monkeypa
     assert record["output_variant_id"] == "v1" and record["strategy_id"] == "tiktok"
 
 
+def test_an_english_platform_version_is_never_posted_with_a_chinese_title(data_dir, monkeypatch):
+    from backend.services import upload_post_publisher as up
+
+    video = _fake_clip(data_dir)
+    monkeypatch.setattr("backend.services.studio.publishing.output_variant_meta",
+                        lambda _p, _v: _variant_meta(video, "tiktok", title="自动版本"))
+    session = _Session([])
+    cfg = up.UploadPostConfig(api_key="k-1234567890", user="me", base_url="https://api.example.test")
+    with pytest.raises(up.UploadPostError, match="英文"):
+        up.publish_clip(up.PublishRequest("p1", "studio-" + "a" * 32, ["tiktok"], output_variant_id="v1"),
+                        config=cfg, session=session)
+    assert not session.calls
+
+
 def test_publish_landscape_variant_refuses_vertical_only_targets(data_dir, monkeypatch):
     from backend.services import upload_post_publisher as up
 

frontend/src/features/studio/OutputVariantCard.tsx

@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ import { packagingLabel } from './packagingLabel'
 import PublishKit, { postCaption } from './PublishKit'
 import './quick-output.css'
 
+const ENGLISH_PLATFORMS = new Set(['tiktok', 'instagram_reels', 'youtube_shorts', 'youtube_long'])
+
 const framingHints: Record<NonNullable<OutputVariant['framing']>, string> = {
   speaker: '已按说话人重新取景',
   full_frame: '画面里没有可跟随的人物，保留完整画面',
@@ -36,7 +38,8 @@ export default function OutputVariantCard({ projectId, variant, draft, job, onRe
   const onDemand = variant.status === 'on_demand'
   const duration = job?.result?.duration ?? (draft ? draft.scenes.reduce((sum, scene) => sum + scene.end - scene.start, 0) : 0)
   const copyCaption = async () => {
-    const copied = await copyText(variant.post ? `${postCaption(variant.post)}\n\n${shareCaption('')}`.trim() : shareCaption(draft?.title))
+    const english = draft?.packaging?.audience_language === 'en' || ENGLISH_PLATFORMS.has(variant.strategy_id)
+    const copied = await copyText(variant.post ? `${postCaption(variant.post)}\n\n${shareCaption('', english)}`.trim() : shareCaption(draft?.title, english))
     if (copied) {
       trackOutputShare(projectId, { share_target: 'copy_caption', ...analytics })
       message.success(t('分享文案已复制，发布视频时粘贴即可'))

frontend/src/features/studio/outputShare.ts

@@ -6,8 +6,9 @@ const RATING_KEY = 'autoclip.output-rating.v1'
 const RATING_INTERVAL_MS = 7 * 86400000
 
 /** Caption the user pastes next to the posted video. Nothing is uploaded by AutoClip. */
-export function shareCaption(title: string | undefined): string {
-  const credit = `${t('用 AutoClip 剪的')} · ${REPO_URL}`
+export function shareCaption(title: string | undefined, english = false): string {
+  // The credit is pasted with the post, so it follows the platform's language, not the app's.
+  const credit = `${english ? 'Made with AutoClip' : t('用 AutoClip 剪的')} · ${REPO_URL}`
   return title?.trim() ? `${title.trim()}\n\n${credit}` : credit
 }
 

frontend/tests/output-share.test.cjs

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ test('share caption credits AutoClip with the repository link and is copied loca
  assert.match(share,/REPO_URL = 'https:\/\/github\.com\/zhouxiaoka\/autoclip'/)
  assert.match(share,/t\('用 AutoClip 剪的'\)\} · \$\{REPO_URL\}/)
  assert.match(share,/navigator\.clipboard\.writeText/)
- assert.match(card,/copyText\(variant\.post \? `\$\{postCaption\(variant\.post\)\}\\n\\n\$\{shareCaption\(''\)\}`\.trim\(\) : shareCaption\(draft\?\.title\)\)/)
+ assert.match(card,/copyText\(variant\.post \? `\$\{postCaption\(variant\.post\)\}\\n\\n\$\{shareCaption\('', english\)\}`\.trim\(\) : shareCaption\(draft\?\.title, english\)\)/)
  assert.match(card,/trackOutputShare\(projectId, \{ share_target: 'copy_caption', \.\.\.analytics \}\)/)
 })