- ambientUndefVarRootOf walks calls, `new`, optional chains, assertions, instantiation expressions, and tagged templates, and accepts `declare function` and trap-binding roots: Node erases the declaration, so the root read IS the crash — lowerCall, member reads, assignments, and variable declarations lower the whole statement to the catchable ReferenceError, arguments never evaluate, and the never-initialized binding registers as a trap whose references can never run
- never-read unmappable bindings with value-only initializers and writes emit nothing: Node builds the value and drops it, so `var xs2: typeof Array;` and the write-only `var f2: { <T, U>(x: T, y: U): T }` compile instead of fencing on a type the program never consumes
- null!/as-any bindings whose types keep generic signatures (or intern empty record shapes) register no storage; generic-method calls and member reads through them compile to Node's exact TypeError, nullish-to-nullish flows to nothing, heritage-clause uses decline the family so mixin resolution keeps its fence, and checked-dynamic (`any`) bindings keep their dyn story untouched
- assertion-shaped generic arrows (`< <T>(x: T) => T >((x) => x)`) register like annotated bindings and monomorphize per call; stdlib generic members (Promise.then, Object.defineProperty) take the SC2020 lib fence, and Function.prototype.apply/call/bind on compiled function values name the direct-call spelling
- diagnostics fixtures that used `declare` to conjure unconstructible values now conjure them by cast so each fence family keeps its pin; snapshots re-recorded, the deferred checker-panic diagnostic now flushes at its first reference as designed
- Instantiations carry ts-level bindings alongside the mapped IrTypes: a `K extends keyof T` parameter keys its instance on the bound literal (no cross-literal sharing — the bodies read different fields), and literals forward through generic-to-generic calls.
- `T[K]` inside instance bodies resolves through the bound checker types (mapBoundIndexedAccess via the new resolveTypeParamTs hook), and `o[k]` reads whose key TYPE proves one literal — a keyof-bound parameter or a literal-typed const — lower to static field reads.
- `const h = id` registers the target's GenericFnInfo under the alias's symbol (chains, block scope, pinned values, and calls all resolve like the target's own name); non-const/reassigned aliases fence by name, and unpinned VALUE uses keep their fence at the reference.
- Fixtures 2550 (keyof/pick shapes, forwarding, runtime keys, literal-typed key vars) and 2551 (alias chains, contextual pinning, annotated generic aliases), byte-identical vs Node on both backends.
Chris Tate