diff --git a/packages/compiler/src/backend/cc-cache.test.ts b/packages/compiler/src/backend/cc-cache.test.ts
index 84b03356a..4daa70880 100644
--- a/packages/compiler/src/backend/cc-cache.test.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler/src/backend/cc-cache.test.ts
@@ -2420,6 +2420,54 @@ test("frontend-generated same-output builds no-op only while output and dependen
   }
 });
 
+test("fresh processes preserve output-local dependency coverage after source edits", async () => {
+  const dir = await mkdtemp(join(tmpdir(), "scriptc-local-artifact-process-"));
+  scratch.push(dir);
+  const cacheRoot = join(dir, "cache");
+  const cPath = join(dir, "program.c");
+  const outPath = join(dir, "program");
+  const helperPath = join(dir, "compile.mjs");
+  const childEnv: NodeJS.ProcessEnv = { ...process.env, SCRIPTC_CACHE_DIR: cacheRoot };
+  delete childEnv["SCRIPTC_NO_CACHE"];
+  delete childEnv["SCRIPTC_TEST_STABLE_TOOLCHAIN"];
+  delete childEnv["SCRIPTC_TEST_TRUST_COMPILER_WRAPPER"];
+
+  await writeFile(
+    helperPath,
+    `import { compileC } from ${JSON.stringify(new URL("./cc.ts", import.meta.url).href)};\n` +
+      `await compileC({ cPath: process.argv[2], outPath: process.argv[3], cacheIdentity: "scriptc-generated-v1" });\n`,
+  );
+  const compileInFreshProcess = (): void => {
+    execFileSync(process.execPath, ["--import", "tsx", helperPath, cPath, outPath], {
+      env: childEnv,
+      stdio: "pipe",
+    });
+  };
+  const stampPath = join(
+    cacheRoot,
+    "local",
+    createHash("sha256").update(outPath).digest("hex"),
+  );
+  const dependencyPaths = async (): Promise<string[]> => {
+    const stamp = JSON.parse(await readFile(stampPath, "utf8")) as {
+      dependencies: { path: string }[];
+    };
+    return stamp.dependencies.map((dependency) => dependency.path);
+  };
+
+  await writeFile(cPath, '#include <stdio.h>\nint main(void) { puts("one"); return 0; }\n');
+  compileInFreshProcess();
+  const firstPaths = await dependencyPaths();
+  expect(firstPaths.length).toBeGreaterThan(2);
+
+  // The metadata fingerprints are restored from cache files in this second
+  // Node process; their in-memory fingerprint-to-path map starts empty.
+  await writeFile(cPath, '#include <stdio.h>\nint main(void) { puts("two"); return 0; }\n');
+  compileInFreshProcess();
+  expect(execFileSync(outPath, { encoding: "utf8" }).trim()).toBe("two");
+  expect(await dependencyPaths()).toEqual(firstPaths);
+});
+
 test("native metadata snapshots survive source edits and repair after tampering", async () => {
   const dir = await mkdtemp(join(tmpdir(), "scriptc-native-metadata-"));
   scratch.push(dir);
diff --git a/packages/compiler/src/backend/cc.ts b/packages/compiler/src/backend/cc.ts
index b8542e00d..134437207 100644
--- a/packages/compiler/src/backend/cc.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler/src/backend/cc.ts
@@ -4469,6 +4469,7 @@ export async function compileC(opts: CcOptions): Promise<void> {
       : effectiveLinkInvocationArgs.filter((arg) => arg !== `-L${curlStubDir}`);
   let implicitLinker: string | null = null;
   let preBuildDependencies: LocalArtifactDependency[] | null = null;
+  let localArtifactDependencyPaths: string[] | null = null;
   let linkMetadataStamp: NativeMetadataStamp | null = null;
   const linkMetadataKey =
     root === null || process.env["SCRIPTC_TEST_TRUST_COMPILER_WRAPPER"] === "1"
@@ -4531,6 +4532,18 @@ export async function compileC(opts: CcOptions): Promise<void> {
           fingerprintDependencyPaths.get(implicitLinker!) ?? []),
         ...(fingerprintDependencyPaths.get(programDependencies) ?? []),
       ]);
+      if (localArtifact !== null) {
+        // Native metadata stamps persist their dependency paths across CLI
+        // processes; fingerprintDependencyPaths deliberately does not. Build
+        // the output-local stamp from this complete validated snapshot so a
+        // source edit in a fresh process cannot replace it with only the two
+        // process-local fallback paths.
+        localArtifactDependencyPaths = [
+          localArtifact.compilerPath,
+          dirname(resolve(opts.cPath)),
+          ...preBuildDependencies.map((dependency) => dependency.path),
+        ];
+      }
     } catch {
       // Program-header discovery and linker tracing are both required for a
       // complete hit. Runtime objects remain safely cacheable if either probe
@@ -4590,17 +4603,12 @@ export async function compileC(opts: CcOptions): Promise<void> {
       // cache entry populated by a less restrictive shell must not widen access.
       await chmod(tmpOut, 0o777 & ~process.umask());
       await rename(tmpOut, opts.outPath);
-      if (localArtifact !== null) {
+      if (localArtifact !== null && localArtifactDependencyPaths !== null) {
         await publishLocalArtifactStamp(
           localArtifact.stampPath,
           opts.outPath,
           localArtifact.key,
-          [
-            localArtifact.compilerPath,
-            dirname(resolve(opts.cPath)),
-            ...(fingerprintDependencyPaths.get(implicitToolchain!) ?? []),
-            ...(fingerprintDependencyPaths.get(implicitLinker!) ?? []),
-          ],
+          localArtifactDependencyPaths,
         ).catch(() => undefined);
       }
       return; // hit: the program/runtime payload compile and link were skipped
@@ -4706,17 +4714,17 @@ export async function compileC(opts: CcOptions): Promise<void> {
         /* publishing is best-effort */
       }
     }
-    if (localArtifact !== null && cacheCompleteArtifact && cacheInputsStable) {
+    if (
+      localArtifact !== null &&
+      localArtifactDependencyPaths !== null &&
+      cacheCompleteArtifact &&
+      cacheInputsStable
+    ) {
       await publishLocalArtifactStamp(
         localArtifact.stampPath,
         opts.outPath,
         localArtifact.key,
-        [
-          localArtifact.compilerPath,
-          dirname(resolve(opts.cPath)),
-          ...(fingerprintDependencyPaths.get(implicitToolchain!) ?? []),
-          ...(fingerprintDependencyPaths.get(implicitLinker!) ?? []),
-        ],
+        localArtifactDependencyPaths,
       ).catch(() => undefined);
     }
   } finally {
diff --git a/packages/compiler/src/frontend/types.ts b/packages/compiler/src/frontend/types.ts
index ee9892471..c78f8d2eb 100644
--- a/packages/compiler/src/frontend/types.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler/src/frontend/types.ts
@@ -686,9 +686,11 @@ function genChannels(
  * fallback for it. */
 const MAP_TYPE_MAX_DEPTH = 64;
 let mapTypeDepth = 0;
-/** Bumped whenever mapType resolves a type through CONTEXT-SENSITIVE hooks
- * (a generic body's type parameter, a mixin instantiation) — mappings that
- * make the same ts.Type answer differently across instantiation contexts.
+/** Bumped whenever mapType resolves a type through CONTEXT-SENSITIVE or
+ * collection-sensitive hooks (a generic body's type parameter, a mixin
+ * instantiation, a generic class instance) — mappings that can make the same
+ * ts.Type answer differently across instantiation contexts or collection
+ * phases.
  * The recursive-shape machinery keys shape identity by checker type, which
  * is sound only for context-FREE mappings: a recursive frame that observes
  * a bump between entry and exit stays fenced (recursive generic-open types
@@ -1190,7 +1192,14 @@ function mapTypeInner(type: ts.Type, ctx: TypeMapperCtx): IrType | null {
     // INSTANTIATION's class (`Box%0`), registered on demand — the Lowerer
     // hook owns the instance table (monomorphization by flow).
     if (classDecl.typeParameters) {
-      return ctx.genericClassInstance ? ctx.genericClassInstance(classDecl, widened) : null;
+      const instance = ctx.genericClassInstance
+        ? ctx.genericClassInstance(classDecl, widened)
+        : null;
+      // Before the generic declaration's collection turn, the hook can only
+      // return its family shell; after collection the same checker type names
+      // a concrete registered instance. Never memoize either phase's answer.
+      if (instance !== null) contextResolutions++;
+      return instance;
     }
     return { kind: "object", className: classNamer(classDecl) };
   }
diff --git a/tests/corpus/1951-generic-classes-basics.ts b/tests/corpus/1951-generic-classes-basics.ts
index 9c515c747..b1fbbe29d 100644
--- a/tests/corpus/1951-generic-classes-basics.ts
+++ b/tests/corpus/1951-generic-classes-basics.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,18 @@
 // Generic classes, monomorphized per instantiation: fields, methods,
 // accessors, inference and explicit type arguments, instanceof against the
 // generic name (one runtime class in Node — the family interval here).
+// The early reference pins collection-order independence: its checker type is
+// first mapped before Box's family has collected, then must remap to Box%N.
+class EarlyHolder {
+  readonly box: Box<number>;
+  constructor(box: Box<number>) {
+    this.box = box;
+  }
+  read(): number {
+    return this.box.get();
+  }
+}
+
 class Box<T> {
   v: T;
   constructor(v: T) {
@@ -20,6 +32,7 @@ class Box<T> {
 const a = new Box(41); // inferred Box<number>
 a.set(a.get() + 1);
 console.log(a.get(), a.describe());
+console.log(new EarlyHolder(a).read());
 
 const b = new Box<string>("hi"); // explicit
 console.log(b.get().toUpperCase(), b.describe());