diff --git a/packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/class-method-mutations.ts b/packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/class-method-mutations.ts
index a07a4d3e1..789ee7a8c 100644
--- a/packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/class-method-mutations.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/class-method-mutations.ts
@@ -170,14 +170,19 @@ export function collectClassMethodMutations(
   // A string index whose values cannot be functions excludes callable
   // method slots. Class instances have no implicit index signature, so such
   // a dictionary is only a class view when the class declares that index
-  // signature, and then every method must be assignable to its value type.
-  const functionFreeDictionary = (value: ts.Expression): boolean =>
-    lowerer.checker
-      .getIndexInfosOfType(lowerer.typeOf(value))
+  // signature, and then every method must be assignable to its value type,
+  // or when the dictionary keeps checked identity: it then holds the
+  // existing objects it receives, class instances included.
+  const functionFreeDictionary = (value: ts.Expression): boolean => {
+    const type = lowerer.typeOf(value);
+    if (lowerer.classImplementedProtocol(type)) return false;
+    return lowerer.checker
+      .getIndexInfosOfType(type)
       .some(
         (index) =>
           (index.keyType.flags & ts.TypeFlags.StringLike) !== 0 && functionFree(index.type),
       );
+  };
   const literalLoopKeys = (key: ts.Expression): (string | number)[] | null => {
     if (!ts.isIdentifier(key)) return null;
     const symbol = lowerer.checker.getSymbolAtLocation(key);
diff --git a/packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/class-protocols.ts b/packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/class-protocols.ts
index 4edf1ab7e..00eedb6c0 100644
--- a/packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/class-protocols.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler/src/frontend/lowering/class-protocols.ts
@@ -983,11 +983,13 @@ export class ClassProtocols {
     if ((type.flags & ts.TypeFlags.Object) === 0) return false;
     const previous = this.answers.get(type);
     if (previous !== undefined) return previous;
+    // A dictionary keeps checked identity when the protocols already mark
+    // it (a literal whose methods read `this`) or when it receives existing
+    // objects (markDictionaryViews).
     const dictionaryValue = this.dictionaryValueType(type);
     const answer =
-      dictionaryValue !== undefined
-        ? (this.index(), this.dictionaryViews.has(dictionaryValue))
-        : this.protocol(type);
+      this.protocol(type) ||
+      (dictionaryValue !== undefined && this.dictionaryViews.has(dictionaryValue));
     this.answers.set(type, answer);
     return answer;
   }
diff --git a/packages/compiler/test/class-method-mutations.test.ts b/packages/compiler/test/class-method-mutations.test.ts
index b63e47619..3e29a1da2 100644
--- a/packages/compiler/test/class-method-mutations.test.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler/test/class-method-mutations.test.ts
@@ -178,3 +178,20 @@ test("a store into a generic dictionary of dictionaries keeps checked dispatch",
     .replace("const settings: Settings =", "const settings: Settings<string> =");
   expect(await callersOf(source, "%dyn.class.properties")).not.toEqual([]);
 });
+
+test("a runtime-key store into a dictionary view of a class instance keeps checked dispatch", async () => {
+  const source = `
+class Counter {
+  n = 0;
+  tick(): number { return ++this.n; }
+}
+const counter = new Counter();
+const view: {} = counter;
+const slots: Record<string, string> = view;
+const key: string = String(process.argv.length);
+slots[key] = "replaced";
+console.log(counter.tick());
+`;
+  // The method has a slot the write can replace, which calls consult.
+  expect(await callersOf(source, "%Counter.tick")).toContain("%method.value:%Counter.tick");
+});
diff --git a/packages/compiler/test/dictionary-views.test.ts b/packages/compiler/test/dictionary-views.test.ts
index b841447cd..a9cfd1056 100644
--- a/packages/compiler/test/dictionary-views.test.ts
+++ b/packages/compiler/test/dictionary-views.test.ts
@@ -75,3 +75,15 @@ console.log(table["a"]);`),
   );
   expect(kinds["table"]).toBe("record");
 });
+
+test("a dictionary literal whose methods read this keeps checked identity", async () => {
+  const kinds = await globalKinds(
+    program(`interface Table { [key: string]: () => number }
+const methods: Table = {
+  base() { return 2; },
+  twice() { return this.base() * 2; },
+};
+console.log(methods.twice());`),
+  );
+  expect(kinds["methods"]).toBe("dyn");
+});
diff --git a/tests/corpus/7012-dictionary-views-keep-objects.ts b/tests/corpus/7012-dictionary-views-keep-objects.ts
index 8ede80926..0df47cbb8 100644
--- a/tests/corpus/7012-dictionary-views-keep-objects.ts
+++ b/tests/corpus/7012-dictionary-views-keep-objects.ts
@@ -53,9 +53,46 @@ const slots: Record<string, string> = greeterView;
 slots[process.argv.length > 99 ? "never" : "greet"] = "replaced";
 slots["name"] = "renamed";
 console.log(typeof greeter.greet, greeter.name, JSON.stringify(greeter));
+// A write under a runtime string key replaces a method too, and a direct
+// call reaches the replacement, which is not a function.
+class Counter {
+  n = 0;
+  tick(): number {
+    return ++this.n;
+  }
+}
+const counter = new Counter();
+const counterView: {} = counter;
+const counterSlots: Record<string, string> = counterView;
+const methodKey: string = process.argv.length > 99 ? "never" : "tick";
+counterSlots[methodKey] = "replaced";
+try {
+  console.log(counter.tick());
+} catch (error) {
+  console.log((error as Error).name, (error as Error).message);
+}
+try {
+  console.log(greeter.greet());
+} catch (error) {
+  console.log((error as Error).name, (error as Error).message);
+}
 
 // Deleting through the dictionary removes the key from the object.
 const pruned: { a: string; b?: string } = { a: "x", b: "y" };
 const prunedTable: Record<string, string | undefined> = pruned;
 delete prunedTable[process.argv.length > 99 ? "never" : "b"];
 console.log(JSON.stringify(pruned), "b" in pruned);
+
+// A dictionary literal whose methods read `this` keeps its live object.
+interface Table {
+  [key: string]: () => number;
+}
+const table: Table = {
+  base() {
+    return 2;
+  },
+  twice() {
+    return this.base() * 2;
+  },
+};
+console.log(table.twice(), Object.keys(table).join(","));